Optically Transparent MIMO Antenna with Polarisation Diversity for Vehicular Communications

Alsath, M. Gulam Nabi; Potti, Devisowjanya; Savarimuthu, Kirubaveni; V, None Indu

doi:10.1080/00207217.2023.2221456

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Multi Inputs Multi Outputs (MIMO) technology is applied to solve these issues by providing multi-send and receive paths without increasing the input power 18 , which allows the 5G technology to maintain its reliability and coverage area. These advantages of MIMO antennas have made them indispensable to 5G applications like IoT and vehicular communications, as moving vehicles need multiple antenna elements to guarantee prominent connectivity, high data rates with low latency, and high channel capacity 19 . A MIMO antenna compatible with the 5G technology should achieve high gain, wide operational bandwidth, stable far-field radiation, high isolation, low ECC, and high diversity gain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wideband High Gain Meatsurface-Based 2×2 MIMO antenna with Highly Isolated Ports for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications

Salehi,

Oraizi

2024

Preprint

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A high gain and wideband MIMO antenna with highly isolated ports allows the 5G technology to provide reliable wireless communication with high data rate, low latency, increased channel capacity, high signal quality, low power, and high data throughput while maintaining the penetration rate. This study presents the design and simulation of two wideband, high gain, metasurface-based 2 x 2 MIMO antennas operating from 2.85 to 4.2 GHz for 5G applications, which satisfy the 5G requisites. The radiating elements of the two MIMO antennas use the aperture coupled feeding technique with a dumbbell shape slot, a metasurface layer that utilizes the surface wave propagation, and a truncated square patch with two U-shaped slots to attain wideband and high gain performance. The power of the feed radiates through the dumbbell shape slot to illuminate the radiating patch, which allows better manipulation of the coupled power compared with the rectangular slot. The proposed MIMO structure places four identical radiating elements like a 2 x 2 matrix with a rotation of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° to produce orthogonal electromagnetic waves, which improves the isolation between ports. Two vertical and horizontal strip slots are engraved on the ground as the decoupling structure to decrease the mutual coupling among the radiating elements. Besides, the aperture-coupled feeding technique increases the independence between the radiating elements by isolating the radiating patches and the microstrip feed lines. The CST and HFSS software are used to simulate the antennas. According to the CST and HFSS simulation results, the highest gain values of the first MIMO design vary from 7.6 to 8.9 dBi and 8.8 to 9.25 dBi over the operational bandwidth, respectively. It achieves less than -32 dB isolation, almost 10 dB diversity gain, and below 0.0002 ECC. However, it experiences 2.2 to 5 dBi back lobe levels. The second MIMO antenna is proposed to kill the back lobe levels and increase the gain while providing high isolation and low mutual coupling. The second antenna put a metal plate at 20 mm beneath the first antenna to achieve peak gain values from 9.5 to 11.75 dBi, isolation below -20 dB, almost 10 dB diversity gain, and ECC (Envelope Correlation Coefficients) values below 0.0012 over 2.8 to 4.2 GHz. The achievements show that the radiating elements of both MIMO antennas work independently with minimal mutual coupling, which increases the channel capacity. The comparison with other studies' achievements indicates that the proposed MIMO antennas are among the best candidates for 5G based systems, such as IoT (Internet of Things) applications and vehicular communications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wideband High Gain Meatsurface-Based 2×2 MIMO antenna with Highly Isolated Ports for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications

Salehi,

Oraizi

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Multiple Inputs Multiple Outputs (MIMO) technology is applied to solve these issues by providing multiple paths for sending and receiving data without increasing the input power 18 , which allows the 5G technology to maintain its reliability and coverage area. These merits have made MIMO antennas indispensable to 5G applications like IoT and vehicular communications, as moving vehicles need multiple antenna elements with low latency and increased channel capacity to guarantee prominent connectivity 19 . A MIMO antenna compatible with the 5G technology should achieve high gain, wide operational bandwidth, stable far-field radiation, high isolation, low ECC, and increased diversity gain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wideband High Gain Metasurface-Based 4T4R MIMO antenna with Highly Isolated Ports for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications

Salehi,

Oraizi

2024

Preprint

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This study presents the design of four 178×178 (mm)2 wideband, high gain, highly efficient metasurface-based 4T4R MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antennas with highly isolated ports, covering the middle and a portion of the upper bands of the sub 6 GHz 5G frequency spectrum for 5G-based systems, such as IoT (Internet of Things) applications, vehicular communications (e.g., rooftop antennas of cars or trains), smart industries (e.g., farms and factories). The radiating elements of these antennas use the aperture-coupled feeding technique with a dumbbell-shaped slot, a truncated square patch with two U-shaped slots, and a metasurface layer. The proposed MIMO structures place four identical radiating elements like a 2×2 matrix with 90o successive rotations to produce orthogonal electromagnetic waves, improving the isolation between ports. Six-millimeter spaces are added between these elements, and two vertical and horizontal strip slots are carved on the ground as the decoupling structure to decrease the mutual coupling. Simulation results show that Antenna_1, Antenna_2, and Antenna_3 achieve gain values of 6.2 to 9.4 dBi, 8.2 to 11.6 dBi, 6 to 9.5 dBi, below -35, -25, and -33 isolation and almost 10 dB diversity gain from 2.8 to 4.7 GHz, 2.8 to 4.5 GHz, and 2.7 to 4.9 GHz, respectively. As a prototype, Antenna_4 is manufactured, and measurements are performed. It achieves 6.28 to 10.45 dBi gain values, below -23 dB isolation, and 0.001 envelope correlation coefficient over 2.7 to 4.3 GHz. The results confirm that the proposed MIMO antennas are compatible with the 5G essential requisites.

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Optically Transparent MIMO Antenna with Polarisation Diversity for Vehicular Communications

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Wideband High Gain Meatsurface-Based 2×2 MIMO antenna with Highly Isolated Ports for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications

Wideband High Gain Meatsurface-Based 2×2 MIMO antenna with Highly Isolated Ports for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications

Wideband High Gain Metasurface-Based 4T4R MIMO antenna with Highly Isolated Ports for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications

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