Optically stimulated heating using Nd3+ doped NaYF4 colloidal near infrared nanophosphors

Abstract

Although efficient in heat generation, gold nanoparticles dedicated for photostimulated localized hyperthermia treatment (LHT) lack luminescent properties suitable for detection in heterogeneous and autofluorescent tissue. Here, we study and report the use of bifunctional luminescent neodymium (Nd 3+ ) ions doped α-NaYF 4 colloidal nanoparticles as potential nanoheaters suitable for LHT. Up to 35°C (0.8°C/mW@514.5 nm) temperature rise in ∼0.5 ml colloidal 25%Nd 3+ :NaYF 4 solution was achieved in comparison to around a 4°C rise for the undoped colloidal NaYF 4 . The maximum temperature (T max ) was linearly proportional to the concentration of Nd 3+ dopant. The time required to elevate temperature to 1/e × T max varied from 100 to 135 seconds. The proposed approach gives premises to the construction of multi-functional therapeutic agents detectable by means of fluorescence molecular imaging.A. Bednarkiewicz ( ) · W. Strek

Neodymium-doped nanoparticles for infrared fluorescence bioimaging: The role of the host

“…After the treatment, the sample was centrifuged, washed several times with deionized water, and air-dried at 100 C for 2 h. a-NaYF 4 :Nd 3þ NPs were synthesized via a thermal decomposition method as described in the literature. 37 Briefly, the reaction was carried out in a mixed solvent consisting of oleic acid (OA) and 1-octadecene added to the flask containing previously prepared dried trifluoroacetate precursors. The mixture was stirred for about 40 min under vacuum at temperature slightly above 110 C and then heated to 300 C and stirred under nitrogen for 1 h. After cooling the mixture to room temperature, the nanocrystals were precipitated by a mixture of n-hexane and acetone and collected by centrifugation of the suspension.…”

“…This work constitutes a comparative study of the three Nd:NPs that have already been used for in vivo imaging purposes along with four other Nd 3þ doped systems (NaYF 4 :Nd 3þ , KYF 4 :Nd 3þ , GdVO 4 :Nd 3þ , and Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Nd 3þ -hereafter Nd:YAG-) whose synthesis, basic characterization, and potential use as infrared biolabels have been reported and proposed. [37][38][39][40] The relevant role played by host in determining the fluorescent properties of Nd:NPs is discussed and, based on the comparative spectroscopic characterization, the ability of the different systems for in vivo imaging experiments will be discussed.…”

A review on hyperthermia via nanoparticle-mediated therapy

“…Gold has high atomic number which enhances the effect of radio-therapy which is further induced by laser hypothermia. One of the recent developments is the use of colloidal solutions of bifunctional luminescent neodymium (Nd 3+ ) ions doped -NaYF4 colloidal nanoparticles [22]. These particles may be excited in the visible or near infrared range.…”

“…Optimisation at 95 o F was achieved in 25 % Nd 3+ :NaYF4 solution. The work reported in [22] has the potential to develop therapeutic agents which could be deducted by molecular agents. Gold nanoparticles coated with biological agents permeate the tumour cells and localize with endosomes.…”

Nd3+ doped LaF3 nanoparticles as self-monitored photo-thermal agents

“…[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Few previous works have also reported that certain rare earth doped nano-crystals (RE-NPs) could be also used as PhT-NPs, although this possibility has not been demonstrated yet in biocompatible colloidal solutions. 29 Certain RE-NPs have demonstrated to be highly efficient luminescence probes under excitation with Near Infrared (NIR) radiation within the biological windows. [30][31][32] An additional advantage of RE-NPs is that they can be used for high resolution fluorescence bioimaging by using CW laser sources; much simpler and affordable that the short pulse lasers required for traditional fluorescence probes used in multiphoton fluorescence microscopy.…”