Optically Stimulated Artificial Synapse Based on Layered Black Phosphorus

Ahmed, Taimur; Kuriakose, Sruthi; Mayes, Edwin; Ramanathan, Rajesh; Bansal, Vipul; Bhaskaran, Madhu; Sriram, Sharath; Walia, Sumeet

doi:10.1002/smll.201900966

Cited by 210 publications

(274 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Based on the retention time of sensory information, psychological memory behavior can be classified into short‐term memory (STM) and long‐term memory (LTM), where through consecutive rehearsal processes, the level of the memory can be changed. Our few‐layer BP synaptic devices show a slower recovery of photocurrent after exposure to 280 nm illumination (as compared to 365 nm), which can be attributed to the persistent photocurrent in BP (Section S6, Supporting Information) . This indicates that the BP synaptic devices exhibit LTM behavior under 280 nm and STM under 365 nm stimulation spikes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Multifunctional Optoelectronics via Harnessing Defects in Layered Black Phosphorus

Ahmed

Kuriakose

Abbas

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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101

139

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Layered black phosphorus (BP), a promising 2D material, tends to oxidize under ambient conditions. While such defective BP is typically considered undesirable, defect engineering has in fact been exploited in contemporary materials to create new behaviors and functionalities. In this spirit, new opportunities arising from intrinsic defect states in BP, particularly through harnessing unique photoresponse characteristics, and demonstrating three distinct optoelectronic applications are demonstrated. First, the ability to distinguish between UV-A and UV-B radiations using a single material that has tremendous implications for skin health management is shown. Second, the same device is utilized to show an optically stimulated mimicry of synaptic behavior opening new possibilities in neuromorphic computing. Third, it is shown that serially connected devices can be used to perform digital logic operations using light. The underpinning photoresponse is further translated on flexible substrates, highlighting the viability of the technology for mechanically conformable and wearable systems. This demonstration paves the way toward utilizing the unexplored potential offered by defect engineering of 2D materials for applications spanning across a broad range of disciplines.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Multifunctional Optoelectronics via Harnessing Defects in Layered Black Phosphorus

Ahmed

Kuriakose

Abbas

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

Self Cite

101

139

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show abstract

“…The combination of synaptic and sensing capabilities in a single device has the advantage of high compactness without the need for additional sensing elements. [195] Artificial synapses developed so far can detect light, [134,135,158,[196][197][198] pH, [142] and chemicals ( Table 3). [199,200] Light-sensitive artificial synapses have mostly used flexible 2-T devices.…”

Section: Sensory Synaptic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Neuromorphic Electronics for Computing, Soft Robotics, and Neuroprosthetics

et al. 2019

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Flexible neuromorphic electronics that emulate biological neuronal systems constitute a promising candidate for next‐generation wearable computing, soft robotics, and neuroprosthetics. For realization, with the achievement of simple synaptic behaviors in a single device, the construction of artificial synapses with various functions of sensing and responding and integrated systems to mimic complicated computing, sensing, and responding in biological systems is a prerequisite. Artificial synapses that have learning ability can perceive and react to events in the real world; these abilities expand the neuromorphic applications toward health monitoring and cybernetic devices in the future Internet of Things. To demonstrate the flexible neuromorphic systems successfully, it is essential to develop artificial synapses and nerves replicating the functionalities of the biological counterparts and satisfying the requirements for constructing the elements and the integrated systems such as flexibility, low power consumption, high‐density integration, and biocompatibility. Here, the progress of flexible neuromorphic electronics is addressed, from basic backgrounds including synaptic characteristics, device structures, and mechanisms of artificial synapses and nerves, to applications for computing, soft robotics, and neuroprosthetics. Finally, future research directions toward wearable artificial neuromorphic systems are suggested for this emerging area.

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Section: Emerging Materials‐based Synaptic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Photonic Synapses for Neuromorphic Systems

Zhang

Dai

Zhao

et al. 2020

Advanced Intelligent Systems

139

113

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Implementing synaptic functions with electronic devices is critical to achieve neuromorphic systems on the hardware platform, as synapses play important roles in brain computing and memory. Synapses modulated by light signals, which are also referred as photonic synapses, can not only make effective use of the outstanding properties of light to provide devices with ultrahigh propagation speed, high bandwidth and low crosstalk but also provide a noncontact writing method, which can facilitate the evolution of optical wireless communication and operation. More importantly, real‐time image processing can also be performed by photonic synapses which possess temporary memory. Thus far, tremendous efforts have been taken to design and fabricate photonic synapses. Herein, a summary of the development of different kinds of emerging materials utilized in photonic synaptic devices including memristors, field‐effect transistors, and phase change memory is presented, followed by the innovative applications of photonic synapses for neuromorphic systems. Finally, some current challenges and future study directions are discussed.

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Optically Stimulated Artificial Synapse Based on Layered Black Phosphorus

Cited by 210 publications

References 83 publications

Multifunctional Optoelectronics via Harnessing Defects in Layered Black Phosphorus

Multifunctional Optoelectronics via Harnessing Defects in Layered Black Phosphorus

Flexible Neuromorphic Electronics for Computing, Soft Robotics, and Neuroprosthetics

Recent Progress in Photonic Synapses for Neuromorphic Systems

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