Optical Soliton Perturbation with Improved Nonlinear Schrödinger's Equation in Nano Fibers

Singular optical solitons in birefringent nano-fibers

“…The ansatz method is used. In order to set up the starting point, the solitons are written in the phase-amplitude format as [1,16,17] ( )…”

Single and combined optical solitons with third order dispersion in Kerr media

“…For this purpose, we will choose α 0 , α 1 , β 2 and β 3 as variables. Solving (17)(18)(19)(20), we can get the following solutions:…”

“…These soliton molecules are basic ingredients for information transfer, through optical fibers for trans-continental and trans-oceanic distances [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][17][18][19][20][21]. Therefore, it is imperative to address the dynamics of these soliton pulses from a mathematical perspective.…”

Analytic study on the generalized ( $$3+1$$ 3 + 1 )-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with variable coefficients in the inhomogeneous optical fiber

“…Theoretical contributions to the development of the soliton theory have been made [4][5][6]. Due to the potential of optical solitons in the optical fiber transmission systems [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], attention has been paid to the NLS-type equations [18][19][20][21][22]. In order to study the NLS-type equations, methods have been proposed, such as the inverse scattering transformation [23], Bäcklund transformation [24][25][26] and Darboux transformation [27,28].…”