Optical-Pulse Propagation in a Turbulent Medium

Correlation and structure functions for pulse propagation in a turbulent atmosphere

“…In a previous paper [2] we showed that the expressions for the mean-square amplitude and phase fluctuations of a square-wave modulated spherical wave are the same as those for a continuous spherical wave first derived by Tatarski. The pulse length was r&ricted to be short with respect to the time in which the refractive index varies significant,ly, but long with respect t.0 a period of the carrier.…”

“…Therefore, set.ting rl = P? = P in (17), we have For the homogeneous and isotropic field of the refractive index, me proceed by using the same technique in evaluat.ing the meansquare fluct,uatiolls in the previous paper [2]. We obtain As shown in Fig.…”

“…For a homogeneous and isotropic field of the refractive index, we proceed by using the same techniques as in evaluating the mean-square fluctuations [ 2 ] . Introducing spherical coordinates in x and carrying out the angular integrations, we obtain In (2) the limit6 of the integration with respect to p?…”

Atmospheric Clock Transfer Based on Femtosecond Frequency Combs

“…The propagation of an optical pulse train through an atmospheric communication channel is susceptible to the refractive-index fluctuation caused by clear-air turbulence (Su & Plonus, 1971). From the rms timing jitter, we can derive the rms fluctuation of the group index g n by using the relation ( / ) a is approximately equal to 3 in the visible and near infrared wavelength range (Ciddor, 1996;Ciddor & Hill, 1999).…”

“…In fact, the research on optical pulse propagation in the air dates back to the 1970s. In the context of optical communications, various models of pulse propagation in turbulent random media have been studied (Su & Plonus, 1971;Liu et al, 1974;Hong et al, 1977;Young et al, 1998). Today, femtosecond transmission in the atmosphere continues to attract much attention because of its potential applications in remote sensing and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR).…”