Optical properties of pure and modified poly(vinyl chloride)

Abstract

A catalyst-free and environmentally friendly process was employed for the production of biodiesel from sea mango seed oil. This oil is non-edible and contains several fatty acids such as palmitic acid (C16), trans-9-elaidic acid (C18:1t), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), and linolelaidic acid (C18:2n6t). The in situ extraction and transesterification of the oil were carried at the subcritical methanol-water condition. The effect of reaction temperature and time on the yield of biodiesel was studied. The maximum yield of biodiesel was 98.58% and achieved at 200 °C, 40 bar and reaction time of 6 h. The ratio among sea mango seed, methanol, and water was 2:10:1.

Study of the optical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)-4-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)diazenyl]phenol complexes

“…The second band represents the transition from valance band to anti-bonding bipolaron band which is in a good agreement with results are obtained by other workers [23]. Conductivity measurement of PVC with additive can obtain by adopting the data of energy gap [24,25], (see Table 3 and Figures 1-4). The conductivity measurement for PVC in the presence of additive increase in the following order: PVC-L-Cu > PVC-L-Zn > PVC-LSn > PVC-L > PVC [17].…”

Photocatalytical Degradation of Congo Red Azo Dye Using Phosphono-Aminoacid-Cd(II) Pendant Groups Grafted on a Polymeric Support

“…hν) 2 -hν (presented in the inset of Figure 5) are: E g1 = 4.4 eV; E g2 = 3.6 eV. These values are similar to those obtained in the literature for various macromolecular compounds containing vinyl groups in the molecule [15,16].…”

Optical Properties and Morphological Study of New Films Derived From Poly(Vinyl Chloride)-Phenyl Phrine HCl Acid Complexes

“…Bonding bipolaron band which is in a good agreement with results are obtained by other workers [12]. Conductivity measurement of PVC with additive can obtain by adopting the data of an energy gap [13][14][15], see Table (2) and Figures (2-5). The conductivity measurement for PVC in the presence of an additive increase in the following order: …”