Optical properties of blood in motion

Lindberg, Lars‐Göran; Öberg, Peter

doi:10.1117/12.60688

Cited by 88 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Increasing the flow of blood would therefore cause a decrease in the forward scattering. The computed decrease in g-factor with increasing flow and shear stress corresponds well with experimental results obtained by Tomita et al [35], Bitbol [4] and Lindberg et al [19] on flowing blood. Cell orientation and elongation are therefore, together with the previous suggestion of re-suspension of aggregated cells [19,35], also possible explanations of the decrease in light transmission and increase in reflection, with increasing shear rate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Measurements have proven that Mie theory can successfully be applied, when studying the size of randomly oriented red blood cells in a suspension [32]. The various shapes of the red blood cells are more difficult to examine, although several experimental studies [4,19,27] have measured the influence of cell shape and alignment on optical parameters. Multiple scattering models for a homogeneous medium with random distribution of scatterers, as well as Mie theory, assuming spherical scattering objects, may therefore be inappropriate for theoretical analysis of light transport in flowing blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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T-matrix computations of light scattering by red blood cells

Nilsson¹,

Alsholm²,

Karlsson³

et al. 1998

Appl. Opt.

118

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-matrix computations of light scattering by red blood cells

Nilsson¹,

Alsholm²,

Karlsson³

et al. 1998

Appl. Opt.

118

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“…26 The minimum of the transmittance in microscopy studies was correlated with the presence of disaggregated and randomly oriented RBCs and increased again during the aggregation phase. 5,6 These results correspond well to those presented in Figs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of cell shape and aggregate formation on the optical properties of flowing whole blood

Enejder¹,

Swartling²,

Aruna³

et al. 2003

Appl. Opt.

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Influence of cell shape and aggregate formation on the optical properties of flowing whole bloodEnejder, AMK; Swartling, Johannes; Aruna, P; Andersson-Engels, Stefan General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Influence of cell shape and aggregate formation on the optical properties of flowing whole blood Annika M. K. Enejder, Johannes Swartling, Prakasa Aruna, and Stefan Andersson-EngelsWe studied the influence of shape and secondary, or intercellular, organization on the absorption and scattering properties of red blood cells to determine whether these properties are of any practical significance for optical evaluation of whole blood and its constituents. A series of measurements of transmittance and reflectance of light from bovine blood in a flow cuvette was conducted with a 650 -900-nm integrating sphere at shear rates of 0 -1600 s Ϫ1, from which the influence of cell orientation, elongation, and aggregate formation on the absorption ͑ a ͒ and the reduced scattering ͑ s Ј͒ coefficients could be quantified. Aggregation was accompanied by a decrease of 4% in s Ј compared with the value in randomly oriented single cells. Increasing the degree of cell alignment and elongation as a result of increasing shear rate reduced s Ј by 6% and a by 3%, evaluated at a shear rate of 1600 s Ϫ1. Comparison with T-matrix computations for oblate-and prolate-shaped cells with corresponding elongation and orientation indicates that the optical properties of whole blood are determined by those of its individual cells, though influenced by a collective scattering factor that depends on the cell-to-cell organization. We demonstrate that cell morphological changes must be taken into consideration when one is conducting whole blood spectroscopy.

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“…In the range 200 to 600 s − 1 , the RBCs start to align to the flow and are finally elongated to ellipsoids at shear rates exceeding 600 to 1000 s − 1 . The optical properties of blood in motion have been investigated with a variety of devices and techniques like rheoscopy, 5,6 light scattering, and absorption measurements in flow cuvettes [7][8][9][10] and laser diffraction (ektacytometry). 11 In the present study, for the first time, the flow-dependent behavior of RBCs under in vivo and in vitro conditions is investigated in a depth-resolved manner using high resolution spectral domain OCT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear flow-induced optical inhomogeneity of blood assessed in vivo and in vitro by spectral domain optical coherence tomography in the 1.3 μm wavelength range

et al. 2011

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Abstract. The optical inhomogeneity of flowing blood, which appears as a waisted double fan-shaped intensity pattern inside vessels in cross-sectional optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, was investigated for the first time. High resolution spectral domain OCT in the 1.3 μm wavelength region is used to assess this inhomogeneous intravascular backscattering of light in an in vivo mouse model and flow phantom measurements. Based on a predicted alignment of the red blood cells toward laminar shear flow, an angular modulation of the corresponding backscattering cross-section inside the vessels is assumed. In combination with the signal attenuation in depth by absorption and scattering, a simple model of the intravascular intensity modulation is derived. The suitability of the model is successfully demonstrated in the in vivo experiments and confirmed by the in vitro measurements. The observed effect appears in flowing blood only and shows a strong dependency on the shear rate. In conclusion, the shear-induced red blood cell alignment in conjunction with the vessel geometry is responsible for the observed intensity distribution. This inherent effect of blood imaging has to be considered in attenuation measurements performed with OCT. Furthermore, the analysis of the intravascular intensity pattern might be useful to evaluate flow characteristics. C 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).

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Optical properties of blood in motion

Cited by 88 publications

References 8 publications

T-matrix computations of light scattering by red blood cells

T-matrix computations of light scattering by red blood cells

Influence of cell shape and aggregate formation on the optical properties of flowing whole blood

Shear flow-induced optical inhomogeneity of blood assessed in vivo and in vitro by spectral domain optical coherence tomography in the 1.3 μm wavelength range

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