Optical parametric generation of a mid-infrared continuum in orientation-patterned GaAs

Kuo, Paulina S.; Vodopyanov, Konstantin L.; Fejer, M. M.; Simanovskii, D.; Yu, Xiaojun; Harris, James S.; Bliss, D.; Weyburne, David

doi:10.1364/ol.31.000071

Cited by 96 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…190 [4][5][6], and quantum information processing [7][8][9]. A well-known approach for lowering the power requirements of such nonlinear devices is that of employing optical resonators which confine light for long times (dimensionless lifetimes Q) in small volumes V [10-21].…”

Section: Ocis Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

OCIS codes:190 [4][5][6], and quantum information processing [7][8][9]. A well-known approach for lowering the power requirements of such nonlinear devices is that of employing optical resonators which confine light for long times (dimensionless lifetimes Q) in small volumes V [10-21].

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confidence: 98%

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Topology optimization of multi-track ring resonators and 2D microcavities for nonlinear frequency conversion

2017

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We exploit recently developed topology-optimization techniques to design complex, wavelength-scale resonators for enhancing various nonlinear χ (2) and χ (3) frequency conversion processes.In particular, we demonstrate aperiodic, multi-track ring resonators and 2D slab microcavities exhibiting long lifetimes Q 10 4 , small modal volumes V (λ/2n) 3 , and among the largest nonlinear overlaps (a generalization of phase matching in largeetalon waveguides) possible, paving the way for efficient, compact, and wide-bandwdith integrated nonlinear devices. OCIS codes:190 [4][5][6], and quantum information processing [7][8][9]. A well-known approach for lowering the power requirements of such nonlinear devices is that of employing optical resonators which confine light for long times (dimensionless lifetimes Q) in small volumes V [10-21]. Although microcavity resonators designed for on-chip, infrared applications promise some of the smallest confinement factors available, their implementation is highly limited by the difficult task of identifying wavelength-scale (V ∼ λ 3 ) structures supporting long-lived, resonant modes at widely separated wavelengths and satisfying rigid frequency-matching and mode-overlap constraints [15,22]. Recently, we proposed a computational framework based on largescale topology-optimization (TO) techniques that enables automatic discovery of multilayer and grating structures exhibiting some of the largest SHG figures of merit ever predicted [23].In this letter, we extend our TO formulation to allow the possibility of more sophisticated nonlinear processes and apply it to the problem of designing rotationally symmetric and slab microresonators that exhibit high-efficiency second harmonic generation (SHG) and * Corresponding author: zinlin@g.harvard.edu sum/difference frequency generation (SFG/DFG). In particular, we demonstrate multi-track ring resonators and proof-of-principle two-dimensional slab cavities supporting multiple, resonant modes (even several octaves apart) that would be impossible to design "by hand". Our designs ensure frequency matching, long radiative lifetimes, and small (wavelength-scale) modal confinement while also simultaneously maximizing the nonlinear modal overlap (or "phase matching") necessary for efficient NFC. For instance, we discover topology-optimized concentric ring cavities exhibiting SHG efficiencies as high as P 2 /P 2 1 = 1.3 × 10 25 χ (2) 2 [W −1 ] even with low operational Q ∼ 10 4 , a performance that is on a par with recently fabricated 60µm-diameter, ultrahigh Q ∼ 10 6 AlN microring resonators [21] (P 2 /P 2 1 ∼ 1.13 × 10 24 χ (2) 2 [W −1 ]); essentially, our topology-optimized cavities not only possess the smallest possible modal volumes ∼ (λ/n) 3 , but can also operate over wider bandwidths by virtue of their increased nonlinear modal overlap.As reviewed in Refs. 23-25, a typical topology optimization problem seeks to maximize or minimize an objective function f , subject to certain constraints g, over a set of free variables or degrees of freedom (D...

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Section: Ocis Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Topology optimization of multi-track ring resonators and 2D microcavities for nonlinear frequency conversion

2017

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“…The first demonstration of broadband down-conversion close to the point of zero GVD in a QPM medium was achieved with orientation-patterned GaAs, which displayed a 20 dB OPG bandwidth of 39 THz when pumped around 3.3 μm [11]. Periodically poled KTP, LiNbO 3 and LiTaO 3 can offer alternative QPM solutions, enabling operation with pump wavelengths in the near infrared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-broadband optical parametric generation in periodically poled stoichiometric LiTaO_3

Levenius¹,

Pasiskevicius²,

Laurell³

et al. 2011

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We report on broadband gain in an optical parametric generator based on periodically poled 1 mol% magnesium-doped stoichiometric LiTaO 3 (PPMg:SLT). More than an octave-spanning parametric gain, stretching from near to mid-infrared, is generated by pumping the crystals close to the point where, at parametric degeneracy, the waves experience zero group-velocity dispersion. Using a picosecond Ti:sapphire source, we measured the broadest parametric gain bandwidths, 180 THz at 10 dB, in PPMg:SLT gratings with a period of 25 µm pumped at 860 nm.

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“…1(b). This is the situation typically encountered in experiments [3][4][5][6].The unwanted effects of parasitic SFG processes on the parametric gain could in principle be alleviated through more sophisticated QPM grating designs, yet this option becomes ever more challenging as the OPG spectra get wider. Alternatively, instead of trying to remove the QPM resonances responsible for upconversion, one could exploit SFG cascading to reroute power into the OPG band by difference-frequency generation (DFG; cf.…”

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“…A wide range of applications, encompassing ultrafast spectroscopy, high-harmonic and attosecond pulse generation, frequency combs, and remote sensing, spur current research on broadband optical sources in the in- The spectral flatness of the parametric gain curves is a feature almost as important as the breadth of their spectral coverage. However, multistep χ 2 processes triggered by broadband OPG, such as sum-frequency generation (SFG), often disrupt the flatness of gain profiles in QPM media [3][4][5][6].…”

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Multistep quadratic cascading in broadband optical parametric generation

et al. 2012

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We theoretically and experimentally investigate multistep parametric processes in broadband optical parametric generators (OPGs) based on periodically poled 1 mol. % MgO-doped stoichiometric LiTaO 3 . We demonstrate that parametric collateral processes may deplete or enhance spectral portions of the OPG output, depending on pump pulse duration. © 2012 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 190.4410, 190.4360. A wide range of applications, encompassing ultrafast spectroscopy, high-harmonic and attosecond pulse generation, frequency combs, and remote sensing, spur current research on broadband optical sources in the in- The spectral flatness of the parametric gain curves is a feature almost as important as the breadth of their spectral coverage. However, multistep χ 2 processes triggered by broadband OPG, such as sum-frequency generation (SFG), often disrupt the flatness of gain profiles in QPM media [3][4][5][6].In this letter, we investigate theoretically and experimentally the impact of multistep χ 2 processes on broadband OPG in the pulsed regime. With reference to SFG, we show how quadratic cascading [7] can be used to engineer the OPG spectral profiles. Specifically, we demonstrate that the SFG-induced gain dips commonly observed in broadband OPG [3][4][5][6] can be turned into peaks by suitably choosing the pulse duration of the OPG pump. Experiments conducted in periodically poled MgO-doped stoichiometric LiTaO 3 (PPMgSLT) [6] provide evidence for theoretical predictions based on a model accounting rigorously for broadband OPG and multistep processes [8].The multistep quadratic interactions that can affect ultra-broadband parametric generation in a periodically poled medium are schematically illustrated by Fig. 1(a). In the χ 2 material, the optical pump at λ P excites parametric generation in the infrared region (λ OPG ) by means of first-order QPM processes. High-order resonances of the QPM grating can simultaneously enable SFG between the pump and specific components (λ S in Fig. 1) within the broadband OPG spectrum.The SFG process (1∕λ P 1∕λ S → 1∕λ SF ) subtracts energy from the OPG band, carving a gain dip at λ S as highlighted on the spectrum of Fig. 1(b). This is the situation typically encountered in experiments [3][4][5][6].The unwanted effects of parasitic SFG processes on the parametric gain could in principle be alleviated through more sophisticated QPM grating designs, yet this option becomes ever more challenging as the OPG spectra get wider. Alternatively, instead of trying to remove the QPM resonances responsible for upconversion, one could exploit SFG cascading to reroute power into the OPG band by difference-frequency generation (DFG; cf. Fig. 1(a)).In principle, according to the theory of quadratic cascading for nondegenerate frequency upconversion [9], the direction of energy flow in the SFG step is reversible (even at phase matching) as long as depletion of one of the waves (either λ S or λ P ) is locally achieved in the device. In our configuration ( Fig. 1(a)), the signal (λ S )...

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Optical parametric generation of a mid-infrared continuum in orientation-patterned GaAs

Cited by 96 publications

References 13 publications

Topology optimization of multi-track ring resonators and 2D microcavities for nonlinear frequency conversion

Topology optimization of multi-track ring resonators and 2D microcavities for nonlinear frequency conversion

Ultra-broadband optical parametric generation in periodically poled stoichiometric LiTaO_3

Multistep quadratic cascading in broadband optical parametric generation

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