Optical Nonlinear Refractive Index of Laser‐Ablated Gold Nanoparticles Graphene Oxide Composite

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles were prepared in graphene oxide using laser ablation technique. The ablation times were varied from 10 to 40 minutes, and the particle size was decreased from 16.55 nm to 5.18 nm in spherical shape. The nanoparticles were capped with carboxyl and the hydroxyl groups were obtained from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, the UV-visible peak shifted with decreasing of nanoparticles size, appearing from 528 nm to 510 nm. The Z-scan technique was used to measure the nonlinear refractive indices of graphene oxide with different concentrations and a gold nanoparticle graphene oxide nanocomposite. Consequently, the optical nonlinear refractive indices of graphene oxide and gold nanoparticle graphene oxide nanocomposite were shifted from1.63×10-9 cm2/W to4.1×10-9 cm2/W and from1.85×10-9 cm2/W to5.8×10-9 cm2/W, respectively.

Optical and Thermal Properties of Laser-Ablated Platinum Nanoparticles Graphene Oxide Composite

“…Therefore, the phase shift and effective nonlinear length were achieved using equations (6) and (7). Then, the nonlinear refractive indices of Pt-NPs/GO were calculated from Equation (8) [39]. Consequently, the nonlinear refractive index fell within the range of −1.56 × 10 −9 to −3.81 × 10 −9 .…”

“…Therefore, the observation of two new peaks at 1456 and 1144 cm −1 is an indication that there was a strong connection between COO-and OH to the Pt-NPs [37,38]. Therefore, there was strong capping of the Pt-NPs by functional groups of GO plane like the COO-and OH group [39]. connection between COO-and OH to the Pt-NPs [37,38].…”

“…connection between COO-and OH to the Pt-NPs [37,38]. Therefore, there was strong capping of the Pt-NPs by functional groups of GO plane like the COO-and OH group [39]. It can be observed from Figure 3a that the UV-visible spectrum of the Pt-NPs/GO composite is within the range of 200 nm and 700 nm.…”

Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Dispersed in Palm Oil Using Laser Ablation Technique

“…Figures 4(b) and 4(c) depict the FT-IR spectrum of samples after the ablation of the gold target in palm oil. The peaks at 2921, 1742, 1460, 1372, 1159, and 719 cm −1 are related to pure palm oil and the peaks in 413.04, 421.74, and 465.22 cm −1 are related to Au-NPs [28,30] that formed inside palm oil using laser ablation of the gold plate. The peaks at 2921, 1742, 1460, 1372, 1159, and 719 cm −1 remain stable during synthesis of Au-NPs in palm oil while other peaks related to formation of another component such as graphitic compound did not appear.…”

“…Figure 5 shows the model of capping the nanoparticles. The tail of the carbonyl band capped Au-NPs through the electron transfer from the carboxylic group to Au-NPs thereby causing an impediment of the motion of the molecules inside the particular area with a decrease in entropy [28,30]. This proves that a long hydrocarbon chain prevents the agglomeration of Au-NPs.…”