Optical measurement and fabrication from a <i>Morpho</i>-butterfly-scale quasistructure by focused ion beam chemical vapor deposition

Watanabe, Keiichiro; Hoshino, Takayuki; Kanda, Kazuhiro; Haruyama, Yuichi; Kaito, Takashi; Matsui, Shinji

doi:10.1116/1.1868697

Cited by 55 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…firefly light organ | antireflective structures | nanostructures on lens | light-emitting diode C uticular nanostructures of insects provide many intriguing photonic functions in polarization (1-3), structural color (4)(5)(6)(7)(8), and antireflection (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Elytron of beetles selectively reflects left circularly polarized light.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biologically inspired LED lens from cuticular nanostructures of firefly lantern

Kim

Lee

Kim³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

106

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Cuticular nanostructures found in insects effectively manage light for light polarization, structural color, or optical index matching within an ultrathin natural scale. These nanostructures are mainly dedicated to manage incoming light and recently inspired many imaging and display applications. A bioluminescent organ, such as a firefly lantern, helps to out-couple light from the body in a highly efficient fashion for delivering strong optical signals in sexual communication. However, the cuticular nanostructures, except the light-producing reactions, have not been well investigated for physical principles and engineering biomimetics. Here we report a unique observation of high-transmission nanostructures on a firefly lantern and its biological inspiration for highly efficient LED illumination. Both numerical and experimental results clearly reveal high transmission through the nanostructures inspired from the lantern cuticle. The nanostructures on an LED lens surface were fabricated by using a large-area nanotemplating and reconfigurable nanomolding with heat-induced shear thinning. The biologically inspired LED lens, distinct from a smooth surface lens, substantially increases light transmission over visible ranges, comparable to conventional antireflection coating. This biological inspiration can offer new opportunities for increasing the light extraction efficiency of high-power LED packages.

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confidence: 99%

Biologically inspired LED lens from cuticular nanostructures of firefly lantern

Kim

Lee

Kim³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

106

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“…By examining how these species/populations evolve different colors, it is possible to identify the minimal amount of morphological change that results in significant color variation. Furthermore, this research may serve as an inspiration for future application of similar evolutionary principles to the design of photonic devices for color tuning, light trapping, or beam steering (2,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). From an evolutionary biology point of view, we are curious to examine how structural colors respond to selection pressure and whether there is sufficient standing genetic variation in natural populations to allow the rapid evolution of novel colors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Artificial selection for structural color on butterfly wings and comparison with natural evolution

Wasik

Liew

Lilien

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Brilliant animal colors often are produced from light interacting with intricate nano-morphologies present in biological materials such as butterfly wing scales. Surveys across widely divergent butterfly species have identified multiple mechanisms of structural color production; however, little is known about how these colors evolved. Here, we examine how closely related species and populations of Bicyclus butterflies have evolved violet structural color from brown-pigmented ancestors with UV structural color. We used artificial selection on a laboratory model butterfly, B. anynana, to evolve violet scales from UV brown scales and compared the mechanism of violet color production with that of two other Bicyclus species, Bicyclus sambulos and Bicyclus medontias, which have evolved violet/blue scales independently via natural selection. The UV reflectance peak of B. anynana brown scales shifted to violet over six generations of artificial selection (i.e., in less than 1 y) as the result of an increase in the thickness of the lower lamina in ground scales. Similar scale structures and the same mechanism for producing violet/blue structural colors were found in the other Bicyclus species. This work shows that populations harbor large amounts of standing genetic variation that can lead to rapid evolution of scales' structural color via slight modifications to the scales' physical dimensions.thin film | constructive interference | parallel evolution | photonics O rganisms produce colors in two basic ways: by synthesizing pigments that selectively absorb light of certain spectral bands so that only light outside the absorption bands is backscattered (chemical color) or by developing nanomorphologies that enhance the reflection of light of certain wavelengths by interference (physical color or structural color). Structural colors play major roles in natural and sexual selection in many species (1) and have a broad range of applications in color display, paint, cosmetics, and textile industries (2). Structural color surveys across widely divergent species have revealed a large diversity of color-producing mechanisms (3-9). However, there has been a lack of systematic study and comparison of how different colors from closely related species or within populations of a single species evolve, even though these colors can vary dramatically. By examining how these species/populations evolve different colors, it is possible to identify the minimal amount of morphological change that results in significant color variation. Furthermore, this research may serve as an inspiration for future application of similar evolutionary principles to the design of photonic devices for color tuning, light trapping, or beam steering (2,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). From an evolutionary biology point of view, we are curious to examine how structural colors respond to selection pressure and whether there is sufficient standing genetic variation in natural populations to allow the rapid evolution of novel colors. Here we focus on d...

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“…In view of practical application, it is important to understand formation process and optimize the processing condition in production of DLC structures. Processing conditions of DLC deposited by FIB-CVD are, however, not discussed sufficiently so far, while many studies of applications have been reported (4), (5) . In this study, therefore, DLC specimens were deposited under various processing conditions to understand the formation process of DLC specimen using FIB-CVD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus a combination of FIB-CVD technique and DLC has a potential for production of MEMS and/or NEMS. Actually, R. Kometani et al reported fabrication of a nano-manipulator (4) , and K. Watanabe et al demonstrated performance of FIB-CVD method by fabricating a Morpho butterfly-like structure with this method (5) . In view of practical application, it is important to understand formation process and optimize the processing condition in production of DLC structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Processing Condition for Deposition of DLC Using FIB-CVD Method

Sakamoto

Kogo

Yagi

et al. 2006

JSME Int. J., Ser. C

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The processing conditions for deposition of DLC using the FIB-CVD method were examined in detail. Microstructures and mechanical properties of the DLC specimens were also investigated. The deposition process of the DLC specimen is varied by the probe current of the ion beam. Through these examinations, optimum deposition condition was discussed. HRTEM image and diffraction pattern showed that the DLC specimen had amorphous structures. Young's modulus and Vickers hardness were in the range of 110 -140 GPa and 1 100 -1 400 HV, respectively. These mechanical properties were obtained similarly even though the processing conditions were changed in our study.

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Optical measurement and fabrication from a Morpho-butterfly-scale quasistructure by focused ion beam chemical vapor deposition

Cited by 55 publications

References 10 publications

Biologically inspired LED lens from cuticular nanostructures of firefly lantern

Biologically inspired LED lens from cuticular nanostructures of firefly lantern

Artificial selection for structural color on butterfly wings and comparison with natural evolution

Optimization of Processing Condition for Deposition of DLC Using FIB-CVD Method

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