Optical imaging of the spontaneous depolarization wave in the mouse embryo: origins and pharmacological nature

Momose‐Sato, Yoko; Sato, Katsushige

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06806.x

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…In the chick, rat, and mouse embryos, widely-propagating correlated activity, which we refer to as the depolarization wave, is observed during a specific period of development (for reviews see Momose-Sato & Sato, 2013a, b). This activity occurs spontaneously, but is also induced by electrical stimulation of the sensory nerve or the brain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Voltage-Sensitive Fluorescence Dyes for Monitoring Neuronal Activity in the Embryonic Central Nervous System

et al. 2013

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Using an optical imaging technique with voltage-sensitive dyes (VSDs), we have been investigating the functional organization and architecture of the central nervous system (CNS) during embryogenesis. In the embryonic nervous system, a merocyanine-rhodanine dye, NK2761, has proved to be the most useful absorption dye for detecting neuronal activity because of its high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), low toxicity, and small dye bleaching. In the present study, we evaluated the suitability of voltage-sensitive fluorescence dyes for optical recording in the embryonic CNS. We screened eight styryl (hemicyanine) dyes in isolated brainstem-spinal cord preparations from 7-day old chick embryos. Measurements of voltage-related optical signals were made using a multiple-site optical recording system. The signal size, S/N, photobleaching, effects of perfusion, and recovery of neural responses after staining were compared. We also evaluated optical responses with various magnifications. Although the S/N was lower than with the absorption dye, clear optical responses were detected with several fluorescence dyes, including di-2-ANEPEQ, di-4-ANEPPS, di-3-ANEPPDHQ, di-4-AN(F)EPPTEA, di-2-AN(F)EPPTEA, and di-2-ANEPPTEA. Di-2-ANEPEQ showed the largest S/N, whereas its photobleaching was faster and the recovery of neural responses after staining was slower. Di-4-ANEPPS and di-3-ANEPPDHQ also exhibited a large S/N, but required a relatively long time for recovery of neural activity. Di-4-AN(F)EPPTEA, di-2-AN(F)EPPTEA, and di-2-ANEPPTEA showed smaller S/Ns than di-2-ANEPEQ, di-4-ANEPPS, and di-3-ANEPPDHQ, but the recovery of neural responses after staining was faster. This study demonstrates the potential utility of these styryl dyes in optical monitoring of voltage changes in the embryonic CNS.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The widely-propagating correlated wave, termed the depolarization wave (Momose-Sato et al, 2013a, b), was evoked by applying a single square current pulse to the cervical spinal cord using a concentric bipolar tungsten electrode (TOG204-006, Unique Medical Co., Tokyo, Japan) at 100–200 μA/1 ms, which induced the maximum response.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Voltage-Sensitive Fluorescence Dyes for Monitoring Neuronal Activity in the Embryonic Central Nervous System

et al. 2013

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“…Sato described spontaneous depolarization waves in mouse embryos detected with a voltage‐sensitive dye at E11–E13. These depolarization waves in both the brainstem and spinal cord contribute to the expression of spontaneous embryonic movements.…”

Section: Neuronal Circuits In the Spinal Cord And Brainstemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The goal of this report is to highlight four spinal cord and brainstem themes discussed by speakers at the 2012 conference and authors of the present volume: neurogenetics, circuits, plasticity, and translational impacts. This report will discuss the contents of the summaries of the oral presentations of the conference and published data presented by speakers during the oral sessions . Space limitations prevent detailed descriptions of every important result, however.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular, genetic, cellular, and network functions in the spinal cord and brainstem

Stein

2013

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Studies of the model systems of spinal cord and brainstem reveal molecular, genetic, and cellular mechanisms that are critical for network and behavioral functions in the nervous system. Recent experiments establish the importance of neurogenetics in revealing cellular and network properties. Breakthroughs that utilize direct visualization of neuronal activity and network structure provide new insights. Major discoveries of plasticity in the spinal cord and brainstem contribute to basic neuroscience and, in addition, have promising therapeutic implications.

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Acetylcholine Controls GABA-, Glutamate-, and Glycine-Dependent Giant Depolarizing Potentials that Govern Spontaneous Motoneuron Activity at the Onset of Synaptogenesis in the Mouse Embryonic Spinal Cord

Czarnecki¹,

Corronc²,

Rigato³

et al. 2014

J. Neurosci.

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A remarkable feature of early neuronal networks is their endogenous ability to generate spontaneous rhythmic electrical activity independently of any external stimuli. In the mouse embryonic SC, this activity starts at an embryonic age of ϳ12 d and is characterized by bursts of action potentials recurring every 2-3 min. Although these bursts have been extensively studied using extracellular recordings and are known to play an important role in motoneuron (MN) maturation, the mechanisms driving MN activity at the onset of synaptogenesis are still poorly understood. Because only cholinergic antagonists are known to abolish early spontaneous activity, it has long been assumed that spinal cord (SC) activity relies on a core network of MNs synchronized via direct cholinergic collaterals. Using a combination of whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and extracellular recordings in E12.5 isolated mouse SC preparations, we found that spontaneous MN activity is driven by recurrent giant depolarizing potentials. Our analysis reveals that these giant depolarizing potentials are mediated by the activation of GABA, glutamate, and glycine receptors. We did not detect direct nAChR activation evoked by ACh application on MNs, indicating that cholinergic inputs between MNs are not functional at this age. However, we obtained evidence that the cholinergic dependency of early SC activity reflects a presynaptic facilitation of GABA and glutamate synaptic release via nicotinic AChRs. Our study demonstrates that, even in its earliest form, the activity of spinal MNs relies on a refined poly-synaptic network and involves a tight presynaptic cholinergic regulation of both GABAergic and glutamatergic inputs.

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Optical imaging of the spontaneous depolarization wave in the mouse embryo: origins and pharmacological nature

Cited by 4 publications

References 65 publications

Evaluation of Voltage-Sensitive Fluorescence Dyes for Monitoring Neuronal Activity in the Embryonic Central Nervous System

Evaluation of Voltage-Sensitive Fluorescence Dyes for Monitoring Neuronal Activity in the Embryonic Central Nervous System

Molecular, genetic, cellular, and network functions in the spinal cord and brainstem

Acetylcholine Controls GABA-, Glutamate-, and Glycine-Dependent Giant Depolarizing Potentials that Govern Spontaneous Motoneuron Activity at the Onset of Synaptogenesis in the Mouse Embryonic Spinal Cord

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