Optical Imaging in Cancer Research: Basic Principles, Tumor Detection, and Therapeutic Monitoring

Solomon, Metasebya; Liu, Yang; Berezin, Mikhail Y.; Achilefu, Samuel

doi:10.1159/000327655

Cited by 57 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 320 publications

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“…Schematic of experimental design of PET and CLI studies. Tumors were implanted bilaterally in shoulder region and allowed to grow to 150-200 mm 3 , and tumor-bearing mice were subjected to in vivo imaging via PET and CLI at day -1, 1, and 3. Bevacizumab treatment was performed by 2 injections of 20 mg/kg at days 0 and 2.…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

AbstractIn molecular imaging, positron emission tomography (PET) and optical imaging (OI) are two of the most important and thus most widely used modalities [1][2][3] . PET is characterized by its excellent sensitivity and quantification ability while OI is notable for non-radiation, relative low cost, short scanning time, high throughput, and wide availability to basic researchers.

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confidence: 99%

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Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) for Cancer Therapy Monitoring

Liu

Chang

et al. 2012

JoVE

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In molecular imaging, positron emission tomography (PET) and optical imaging (OI) are two of the most important and thus most widely used modalities [1][2][3] . PET is characterized by its excellent sensitivity and quantification ability while OI is notable for non-radiation, relative low cost, short scanning time, high throughput, and wide availability to basic researchers. However, both modalities have their shortcomings as well. PET suffers from poor spatial resolution and high cost, while OI is mostly limited to preclinical applications because of its limited tissue penetration along with prominent scattering optical signals through the thickness of living tissues.Recently a bridge between PET and OI has emerged with the discovery of Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) [4][5][6] . CLI is a new imaging modality that harnesses Cerenkov Radiation (CR) to image radionuclides with OI instruments. Russian Nobel laureate Alekseyevich Cerenkov and his colleagues originally discovered CR in 1934. It is a form of electromagnetic radiation emitted when a charged particle travels at a superluminal speed in a dielectric medium 7,8 . The charged particle, whether positron or electron, perturbs the electromagnetic field of the medium by displacing the electrons in its atoms. After passing of the disruption photons are emitted as the displaced electrons return to the ground state. For instance, one Since its emergence, CLI has been investigated for its use in a variety of preclinical applications including in vivo tumor imaging, reporter gene imaging, radiotracer development, multimodality imaging, among others 4,5,9,10,11 . The most important reason why CLI has enjoyed much success so far is that this new technology takes advantage of the low cost and wide availability of OI to image radionuclides, which used to be imaged only by more expensive and less available nuclear imaging modalities such as PET.Here, we present the method of using CLI to monitor cancer drug therapy. Our group has recently investigated this new application and validated its feasibility by a proof-of-concept study 12 . We demonstrated that CLI and PET exhibited excellent correlations across different tumor xenografts and imaging probes. This is consistent with the overarching principle of CR that CLI essentially visualizes the same radionuclides as PET. We selected Bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech/Roche) as our therapeutic agent because it is a well-known angiogenesis inhibitor 13,14 . Maturation of this technology in the near future can be envisioned to have a significant impact on preclinical drug development, screening, as well as therapy monitoring of patients receiving treatments. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at http://www.jove.com/video/4341/ Protocol 1. Tumor Model 1. Culture H460 cells (American Type Culture Collection) in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/ streptomycin (Invitrogen Life Technologies). It should be noted that the choices of cell lines, culture medium...

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Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) for Cancer Therapy Monitoring

Liu

Chang

et al. 2012

JoVE

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“…9,10 Because of superior tissue penetration and less interference from the presence of blood in the surgical field, dyes with emission wavelengths in the near-infrared (NIR) region of the spectrum (650–900 nm) are generally employed for this purpose. 11 Because of its abundant expression on the surface of PCa 12,13 as well as within most solid tumor neovasculature, 14–17 we have developed a series of NIR-emitting dyes that target the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Low Molecular Weight Fluorescent Imaging Agents for the Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen

Chen¹,

Pullambhatla²,

Banerjee³

et al. 2012

Bioconjugate Chem.

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Targeted near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging can be used in vivo to detect specific tissues, including malignant cells. A series of NIR fluorescent ligands targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) was synthesized and each compound was tested for its ability to image PSMA+ tissues in experimental models of prostate cancer. The agents were prepared by conjugating commercially available active esters of NIR dyes, including IRDye800CW, IRDye800RS, Cy5.5, Cy7, or a derivative of indocyanine green (ICG) to the terminal amine group of (S)-2-(3-((S)-5-amino-1-carboxypentyl)ureido)pentanedioic acid 1, (14S,18S)-1-amino-8,16-dioxo-3,6-dioxa-9,15,17-triazaicosane-14,18,20-tricarboxylic acid 2 and (3S,7S)-26-amino-5,13,20-trioxo-4,6,12,21-tetraaza-hexacosane-1,3,7,22-tetracarboxylic acid 3. The Ki values for the dye-inhibitor conjugates ranged from 1 to 700 pM. All compounds proved capable of imaging PSMA+ tumors selectively to varying degrees depending on the choice of fluorophore and linker. The highest tumor uptake was observed with IRDye800CW employing a poly(ethylene glycol) or lysine-suberate linker, as in 800CW-2 and 800CW-3, while the highest tumor to nontarget tissue ratios were obtained for Cy7 with these same linkers, as in Cy7-2 and Cy7-3. Compounds 2 and 3 provide useful scaffolds for targeting of PSMA+ tissues in vivo and should be useful for preparing NIR dye conjugates designed specifically for clinical intraoperative optical imaging devices.

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“…In SERS-based imaging, metallic nanoparticles such as gold and silver act as amplifiers to produce strong Raman spectrum [57,58]. In PAI, carbon nanotubes and gold nanoshells are used [59][60][61][62][63] with non-ionizing near-infrared (NIR) light, which results in the generation of ultrasound waves that are collected and converted to electrical signals [63][64][65][66][67]. Furthermore, nanotechnology has been enhancing the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) through the use of gadolinium-based nanoparticles or iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agents [68,69].…”

Section: Imaging Of Ovarian Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward nanotechnology-based solutions for a particular disease: ovarian cancer as an example

Youkhanna

Syoufjy

Rhorer

et al. 2013

Nanotechnology Reviews

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Recent nanotechnology research has been enhancing or creating new applications that have the potential to advance the diagnosis or therapy of diseases. These contributions to the field of nanomedicine have so far been focused on creating the new technologies rather than focusing on particular diseases in order to improve their outcomes. For the latter to occur, we recommend the following: (1) creation of interdisciplinary research funding that awards collaborations between biological, medical, clinical, and pharmaceutical scientists with their colleagues in engineering, physics, and chemistry, (2) increasing the training of bio-and medical students in the field of nanotechnology, and (3) focusing on specific diseases for creating nano-based solutions. In this review, we focus on ovarian cancer as an example of a disease that could benefit from advances in nanotechnology to enhance its understanding, diagnosis, and therapy. We also stress the need to train biological, medical, clinical, and pharmaceutical students in the field of nanotechnology with presenting results on such training in USA pharmacy schools.

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Optical Imaging in Cancer Research: Basic Principles, Tumor Detection, and Therapeutic Monitoring

Cited by 57 publications

References 320 publications

Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) for Cancer Therapy Monitoring

Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) for Cancer Therapy Monitoring

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Low Molecular Weight Fluorescent Imaging Agents for the Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen

Toward nanotechnology-based solutions for a particular disease: ovarian cancer as an example

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