Optical coherence tomography angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy: The current clinical role and future perspectives

Pujari, Amar; Surve, Abhidnya; Azad, Shorya Vardhan; Beniwal, Abhijeet; Sj, Vikas; Chawla, Rohan; Sachan, Anusha; Kumar, Aman; Kumar, Atul

doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.05.003

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Changes seen in both acute and chronic CSC on OCT-A include dilated choriocapillaris vessels (focal and/or diffuse), reduced choriocapillaris vessel density, and altered choriocapillaris flow. [112][113][114] Unaffected contralateral eyes in CSC have also been shown to have abnormal choriocapillaris appearance in 61% of patients. 113 OCT-A is the best single imaging modality for detecting CNV secondary to CSC (Figure 9E).…”

Section: Oct-amentioning

confidence: 99%

Central serous chorioretinopathy: A review

Fung

Yang

Kam

2023

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is the fourth most common nonsurgical retinopathy associated with fluid leakage. The pathogenesis is not yet completely understood, but changes in the choroid, sclera and RPE have been described associated with venous congestion of choroidal outflow. CSC can be categorised into acute, chronic, and recurrent subtypes with recent classifications of simple and complex based on the area of RPE change seen on fundus autofluorescence. A multimodal imaging approach is helpful in the diagnosis and management of CSC and secondary complications such as type 1 neovascularisation. Although spontaneous resolution with relatively good visual outcomes is common, treatment should be considered in patients with persistent or recurrent SRF. Treatment options include laser, systemic medications, intravitreal therapy, and surgery. Of these, argon laser for focal extramacular fluid leaks and photodynamic therapy of leakage identified by indocyanine-green angiography currently have the greatest supportive evidence.

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Section: Oct-amentioning

confidence: 99%

Central serous chorioretinopathy: A review

Fung

Yang

Kam

2023

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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“…C entral serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a chorioretinal disease characterized by limited serous detachment of the neurosensory retina at the posterior pole, often associated with varying degrees of low-grade focal leakage at the level of the altered retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) [1][2][3] . These histological, structural, and vascular abnormalities lead to clinical symptoms such as micropsia with a partial reduction in visual acuity and mild colour discrimination [4][5][6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of macular ganglion cell complex loss and correlation with choroidal thickness in chronic and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Chen³

2023

Int J Ophthalmol

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AIM: To investigate the association of ganglion cell complex thickness (GCCt), global loss volume percentage (GLV%), and focal loss volume percentage (FLV%) with structural and functional findings among patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC) and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy (RCSC) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: Among 29 patients with monocular affected central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), 15 had CCSC, and 14 had RCSC. The GCCt, FLV%, GLV%, and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and sublesional choroidal thickness (SLCT) values were determined using OCT, and the association of these characteristics with neural structure parameters, choroidal morphology, features and functional alterations were estimated for the CCSC and RCSC patients. RESULTS: In CCSC, the affected eyes had significantly lower GCCt values than the fellow eyes in the macular regions (all P<0.05), with the highest GCCt observed in the inferior area. A significant association was found between the GCCt in different regions and the change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA; r=-0.696; -0.695; -0.694, P<0.05) in CCSC patients. A statistically significant moderate negative correlation indicated that long-term CCSC was associated with greater differences in the GCCt in different regions between affected and fellow eyes (r=-0.562; r=-0.556; r=0.525, P<0.05). Additionally, observation of thickened SFCT was associated with a worse FLV% (r=0.599; r=0.546, P<0.05) in both groups. Similarly, thickened SLCT was associated with FLV% in RCSC patients (r=0.544, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The distribution and GCCt are associated with the duration and visual outcomes of CCSC, whereas there is no correlation among RCSC patients. FLV% may be instrumental in differentiating the various outer choroidal vessels (pachyvessels) in long-term CSC. These results suggest that neural structure parameters may aid in estimating and predicting the recovery of altered morphology and function in CCSC and RCSC patients.

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“… 2 Dilation and leakage of choroidal vessels underneath the retina lead to the subretinal fluid accumulation and the retinal detachment in CSC. 3 The reasons for CSC may be related to the emotional and mental stress, infections, injuries and other factors. As the glucocorticoids could induce and aggravate CSC, the relationship between adrenalin and CSC has also been explored in human.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Temporal Topography of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy in the Chinchilla Rabbits Induced by Intravenous Injection of Adrenaline: An in vivo Study

Yan¹,

Long²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

DDDT

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Purpose To explore the temporal topography of the chorioretinopathy in an animal model of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) induced by intravenous injection of adrenalin in the Chinchilla rabbits. Methods Ten Chinchilla rabbits received a daily intravenous injection of adrenaline at 0.04 mg/kg for 8 weeks. Fluorescence fundus angiography (FFA) and electroretinogram (ERG) were performed every week afterwards to see whether there was fluorescence leakage in the fundus and to evaluate the retinal function. Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were also conducted to detect the change of choroidal vessels. Finally, the eyes of the rabbits were enucleated to make the retinal sections for histological examination with hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. Results Within 8 weeks of the adrenalin administration, 7 out of the 10 rabbits showed different degrees of fluorescence leakage on FFA. The leakage was more obvious during 2–3 weeks after the adrenalin administration. With the progress of disease, the leakage subsided gradually and a scar-like lesion formed. ICGA revealed the local choroidal ischemia and the dilated choroidal vessels. An obvious detachment of retina and an increased thickness of the choroid were found on OCT, which was most obvious 2 weeks after the adrenalin administration ( P <0.01). ERG revealed no obvious decline of the b-wave amplitude before and after the adrenalin administration ( P >0.05). A circumscribed retinal detachment, the depigmentation of retinal pigment epithelium and enlarged choroidal vessels were shown by the histological examination. Conclusion The temporal topography of the chorioretinopathy in the Chinchilla rabbits by intravenous injection of adrenaline somewhat mimicked that of the human CSC, which could enhance its application in the exploration for the pathogenesis and the therapeutic measures for human CSC.

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Optical coherence tomography angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy: The current clinical role and future perspectives

Cited by 6 publications

References 52 publications

Central serous chorioretinopathy: A review

Central serous chorioretinopathy: A review

Detection of macular ganglion cell complex loss and correlation with choroidal thickness in chronic and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy

The Temporal Topography of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy in the Chinchilla Rabbits Induced by Intravenous Injection of Adrenaline: An in vivo Study

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