Optical breakdown of multilayer thin-films induced by ultrashort pulses at MHz repetition rates

Angelov, Ivan B.; Pechmann, M. von; Trubetskov, Michael K.; Krausz, Ferenc; Pervak, Vladimir

doi:10.1364/oe.21.031453

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A measurement with a 100 MHz repetition rate oscillator on a HR mirror with a very tightly focused beam [24] and a round-robin measurement comparing this result with kHz-repetition-rate measurements have been reported, but the drawback is that several parameters of the sample illumination differ significantly [25]. Angelov et al presented kHz-MHz comparison with an unknown number of pulses using a picosecond source, observing up to a factor of 2 difference depending on the material bandgap [26,27]. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to perform a direct comparison fulfilling the following requirements: (i) it studies the femtosecond damage on relevant optics (ii) between kHz-and MHz-repetition-rate illumination and (iii) has every other pulse parameter well controlled and unchanged.…”

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confidence: 99%

Direct comparison of kilohertz- and megahertz-repetition-rate femtosecond damage threshold

et al. 2015

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We performed femtosecond laser-induced damage threshold (fs LIDT) measurements with substantially different repetition rate Ti:sapphire laser systems: a 1 kHz regenerative amplifier and a 4.3 MHz long-cavity oscillator. All other pulse parameters are kept the same. Comparative measurements of a dielectric high reflector, a chirped mirror, and metallic mirrors show at least a factor of 2.7 lower fs LIDT at megahertz repetition rates. We attribute this to thermally assisted damage mechanisms supported by complex heat transfer simulations.

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confidence: 99%

Direct comparison of kilohertz- and megahertz-repetition-rate femtosecond damage threshold

et al. 2015

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“…A high bandwidth -both for reflectivity and low dispersion -can be obtained with a large contrast n high /n low [119]. However, a material with large refractive index in general exhibits a small bandgap [120] resulting in a low damage threshold.…”

Section: Coating Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement Cavities for the Generation of Extreme Ultraviolet and Hard X-Ray Radiation

Carstens

2018

Springer Theses

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There are no lasers operating in the extreme ultraviolet or x-ray spectral region. Here, the only possibility to obtain coherent radiation in a laboratory scale is frequency conversion from lasers operating at other wavelengths. These processes are in general very inefficient. Thus, it is advantageous to recycle the non-converted light in an enhancement cavity. This thesis is about the scaling of average power and intensity in ultrashort pulse enhancement cavities. Here, pulses from a modelocked laser are continuously coupled into an external optical resonator, allowing for a pulse energy enhancement of orders of magnitude. The main applications are on the one hand the generation of high harmonics of the near infrared light into the extreme ultraviolet spectral region, and on the other hand the generation of hard x-ray radiation via inverse Compton scattering (also known as Thomson scattering). For both applications intensities ranging from 10 13 −10 15 W/cm 2 with several kilowatt of average power are required. In this regime, avoiding damage of the cavity mirrors is difficult. To this end, the circulating beam must have a large cross section on all cavity optics. In this work, design criteria aiming at this are developed and its implementation, in particular regarding the misalignment sensitivity, is investigated and demonstrated. Furthermore, the optimization of the resonator's thermal properties is necessary for fulfilling the target parameters. Here, this is achieved both by proper choice of the cavity geometry, and by custom mirrors with reduced absorption and improved thermal deformation. This allowed for average powers of several 100s of kilowatts with ultrashort pulses. This power regime is in particular interesting for inverse Compton scattering. These finding were used for the enhancement of 30-fs pulses to 10 kW of average power. This allowed for the generation of high harmonics with photon energies exceeding 100 eV at 250 MHz repetition rate. In this experiment, for the first time the photon flux was sufficient for experiments aiming at the study of dynamics on surfaces using photo electron emission microscopy (PEEM). Danksagung Diese Arbeit war nur durch die Unterstützung vieler Menschen möglich, denen ich hiermit danken möchte. Zuallererst möchte ich Ferenc danken, dass er die Arbeit betreut hat und ich in der Gruppe arbeiten konnte. Ich habe durch das tolle Umfeld viel gelernt! Außerdem möchte ich meinem direkten Betreuer Ioachim herzlich danken. Im Rahmen der Doktorarbeit ist ein tolles Team rund um die Cavities entstanden, was wesentlich Dir zuzuschreiben ist. Danke für die Unterstützung, von der Laborarbeit bis zum Verbessern meiner Schreibkunst! Als ich angefangen habe, bestand das Team neben Ioachim nur aus Simon und Herrn Fill, der inzwischen ins Mid-IR Team gewechselt ist. Kurz darauf stieß Niko zu uns, zunächst als HiWi, dann als Masterand und inzwischen als Doktorand. Vielen Dank für die tolle Zeit! Inzwischen ist das Team um Tobi, Maxi, Christina und Stephan gewachsen. Auch euch danke ic...

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“…The enhancement is reduced and the peaks of the electric field are re-situated in lowindex layers. As the distribution of the electric filed is also known to strongly influence the damage thresholds of the thin-film coatings [76,77], the modified distribution yields a potentially higher damage threshold.…”

Section: B Establishing Control Over Induced Nonlinearitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilayer coatings for femto- and attosecond technology

Razskazovskaya

Krausz

Pervak

2017

Optica

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Chirped multilayer mirrors have permitted mode-locked lasers to routinely generate pulses in the sub-10 fs regime. Continuous progress in the design, manufacturing, and characterization of multilayer structures has led to ever more precise group-delay dispersion control over ever broader spectral ranges. The resultant few-cycle laser fields have opened the door to the generation and measurement of isolated attosecond pulses and led to the birth of attosecond metrology. Precision multilayer dispersion control over increasing bandwidth has gradually pushed the frontier of femtosecond technology to what has been thought to be its ultimate limit: the wave cycle of visible light, allowing routine generation of sub-100 attosecond pulses. Next-generation attosecond technology will be based on synthesized multi-octave waveforms; they are expected to advance the field in several ways: first, by permitting control of electronic motions with a force variable on the atomic time scale; second, by providing sub-femtosecond optical transients for attosecond nonlinear pump-probe spectroscopy; third, by producing attosecond pulses at Angstrom wavelengths, opening the door to four-dimensional imaging with atomic resolution in space and time. In this article, we address the enabling technology: chirped multilayers for spectral separation and recombination as well as precise dispersion control of multi-octave optical radiation spanning from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared range. This cutting-edge optical technology provides the force engineerable on atomic-to-molecular time scales and brings about the next revolution in ultrafast science.

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Optical breakdown of multilayer thin-films induced by ultrashort pulses at MHz repetition rates

Cited by 30 publications

References 26 publications

Direct comparison of kilohertz- and megahertz-repetition-rate femtosecond damage threshold

Direct comparison of kilohertz- and megahertz-repetition-rate femtosecond damage threshold

Enhancement Cavities for the Generation of Extreme Ultraviolet and Hard X-Ray Radiation

Multilayer coatings for femto- and attosecond technology

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