Optical and electrical properties of some electron and proton irradiated polymers

Mishra, Rosaline; Tripathy, S.P.; Sinha, Dipak; Dwivedi, K.K.; Ghosh, S.; Khathing, D. T.; Müller, M.; Fink, D.; Chung, W.

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(99)00829-0

Cited by 173 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…where ρ is the material density of the active layer, in which a midpoint in density range of the reported polymer density [21,22] was used (an error less than 3%); m total and m support are respectively the masses of the membrane with the support layer and the support layer only; V is the volume of active layer, which was calculated by multiplying the area with the active layer thickness. The porosity of the support layer was worked out similarly.…”

Section: Porosity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of material and physical features of membrane distillation membranes for high performance desalination

Zhang

Dow

Duke

et al. 2010

Journal of Membrane Science

246

156

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In this paper, the performance of various membranes were assessed in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) under different feed velocities and inlet temperatures. The membranes studied included a polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) microfiltration membrane with a non-woven support layer, a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microfiltration membrane with a non-woven support layer, and three MD membranes made from PTFE of different pore size and all with a structured scrim support layer. The results showed that distillation using PTFE membranes produced much higher flux than that of the PVDF microfiltration membrane at the same operational conditions, and the support layer affected not only the flux, but also the energy efficiency (0.51 -0.24). The results also show that increasing the velocity of the feed and its inlet temperature increased the flux, but the rate of flux increase diminishes at high velocities. The mass transfer coefficient improved for thinner support and active layer membranes, leading to fluxes as high as 46 L.m -2 h -1 at 80˚C. The heat transfer characteristics were found to be superior for the open scrim backed membranes compared to the non-woven support membranes, resulting in significantly greater thermal efficiency for the scrim backed membranes.

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Section: Porosity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of material and physical features of membrane distillation membranes for high performance desalination

Zhang

Dow

Duke

et al. 2010

Journal of Membrane Science

246

156

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“…It involves the absorption of UV-Visible light by polymeric materials causing the promotion of electrons in r, p and g orbitals from electronic ground state to a higher excited state and is useful in finding the optical band gap energy (E g ) [35]. The optical absorption method has been used for the investigation of optically induced transitions and provides information about the energy gap in crystalline and noncrystalline materials [36]. The optical absorption coefficient a(m) can be correlated to photon energy (hm) by Mott and Davis [37].…”

Section: Optical Absorption Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver ion beam irradiation effects on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/clay nanocomposites

2014

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Swift heavy ions induced modification of thin films of blends of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) (50:50) with organically modified nanoclay (Cloisite Ò 30B) has been studied, using optical, structural and surface morphological analysis. Presence of nanoclay is found to enhance the properties of this degradable copolymer by reducing the rate of degradation even at high irradiation fluence. Optical and structural analysis of the polymer nanocomposites suggests that both the cross-linking and chain scission phenomenon are caused by swift heavy ion irradiation. XRD measurements show intercalation of PLGA in the clay galleries. Surface morphology of a nanocomposite indicates significant changes after irradiation at various fluences.

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“…The optical absorption method can be used for studying of the optically induced transition and can supply information about the energy gap and the bond structure in crystalline and amorphous materials [23]. Fig.…”

Section: Uv-vis Absorption Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoluminescence and optical properties of He ion bombarded ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene

Abdul-Kader

2009

Applied Surface Science

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Optical and electrical properties of some electron and proton irradiated polymers

Cited by 173 publications

References 15 publications

Identification of material and physical features of membrane distillation membranes for high performance desalination

Identification of material and physical features of membrane distillation membranes for high performance desalination

Silver ion beam irradiation effects on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/clay nanocomposites

Photoluminescence and optical properties of He ion bombarded ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene

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