Optical anapole mode in nanostructured lithium niobate for enhancing second harmonic generation

Li, Yang; Huang, Zhijin; Zhan, Shiping; Chen, Huajiang; Zhang, Xinyue; Huang, Weian; Guan, Heyuan; Qiu, Wentao; Dong, Jiangli; Zhu, Wenguo; Lu, Huihui; Chen, Zhe

doi:10.1515/nanoph-2020-0222

Cited by 65 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…[ 34–37 ] On the other hand, researches of the LN metasurfaces are still in its infancy. Despite some theoretical studies of the SHG from the LN metasurfaces have been carried out, [ 38–41 ] experimental realization is hindered by several obstacles in fabricating the LN metasurfaces, for example, lattice damages and ion‐contamination are inevitably introduced to the LN in dry etching such as ion beam etching [ 42,43 ] or focused ion beam milling (FIB) [ 44 ] ; and the redeposition is serious during the fabrication because the meta‐atoms are too compactly arrayed with subwavelength interval. All of these situations lead to an optical lossy amorphous layer at the surface of the meta‐atoms which suppresses the optical resonance and the second order nonlinearities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Lithium Niobate Metasurfaces for Second Harmonic Generation

Xie

Chen

et al. 2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a coherent nonlinear phenomenon that plays an important role in laser color conversion. Lithium niobate (LN), which features both a large band gap and outstanding second‐order nonlinearities, acts as an important optical material for nonlinear frequency conversion covering a wide spectral range from ultraviolet to mid‐infrared. Here, LN metasurfaces with controllable SHG properties are experimentally demonstrated. Distinct enhancements for the SHG efficiency are observed at Mie‐resonances. And by changing the geometric parameters, thus the resonances of the metasurfaces, the authors manage to selectively boost the SHG efficiency at different wavelengths. The results would pave a way for developing with high flexibility the novel compact nonlinear light sources for applications such as biosensing and optical communications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Lithium Niobate Metasurfaces for Second Harmonic Generation

Xie

Chen

et al. 2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…[70] The STM as a facile exemplar is then expected to be a favorable candidate for generating robust nonlinear effects with the absence of the phase-matching condition due to its ability of strong field confinement, which is the main factor to produce the SHG. [71] A schematic of the SHG measurement setup is sketched in Figure 4a. To investigate the nonlinear light property at the toroidal-Fano-resonant wavelength, a Ti: Sapphire laser with a wavelength of 940 nm is used as the excitation source.…”

Section: Second-harmonic Manipulation With the Stmmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Toroidal‐Fano‐Resonant Metasurface with Optimal Cross‐Polarization Efficiency and Switchable Nonlinearity in the Near‐Infrared

Hassanfiroozi

Huang

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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The recent progress in plasmonic metasurfaces gives rise to an intense evolution of controlling light properties such as phase, amplitude, polarization, and frequency. In this work, a new paradigm is established to control the light properties centered on low‐loss toroidal multipoles with high field enhancement in contrast to most of the previous plasmonic metasurfaces that are optimized through electric and magnetic multipolar resonances. Through a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, a linear cross‐polarization conversion efficiency reaching 22.9%, remarked as the optimal value that can exist in a single‐layer plasmonic metasurface in the near‐infrared spectrum, is experimentally realized. A polarization‐insensitive toroidal response, that previously was accessible only in isotropic high‐index metasurfaces, is also observed. Furthermore, a giant anisotropic (polarization‐sensitive) generation of the second‐harmonic frequency is demonstrated with the proposed polarization‐independent toroidal metasurface that provides different levels of electric energy storage within the metasurface. These findings open a new path for keeping low‐efficiency plasmonic components on track when one engineers a metasurface based on the toroidal multipole family.

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“…Lithium niobate (

, LN) is one of the most important synthetic crystals and has been dubbed as the “silicon of photonics” for its excellent properties such as relatively high refractive index, wide transparent window, low absorption losses, large nonlinear optical coefficient, outstanding electro-optical response, good temperature stability and others [ 41 , 42 , 43 ]. Particularly, with the progress in thin-film LN on insulator, it has emerged as promising platform for ultracompact photonic devices, such as low-loss waveguides [ 44 , 45 ], high Q resonators [ 46 , 47 , 48 ], metasurfaces [ 49 , 50 ], optical modulators [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ], and second harmonic generation [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. However, LN’s high hardness and inactive chemical properties make its processing difficult, which severely limits its application in nano-devices and integrated optics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Q Resonant Sb2S3-Lithium Niobate Metasurface for Active Nanophotonics

Meng

Chen

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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Phase change materials (PCMs) are attracting more and more attentions as enabling materials for tunable nanophotonics. They can be processed into functional photonic devices through customized laser writing, providing great flexibility for fabrication and reconfiguration. Lithium Niobate (LN) has excellent nonlinear and electro-optical properties, but is difficult to process, which limits its application in nanophotonic devices. In this paper, we combine the emerging low-loss phase change material Sb2S3 with LN and propose a new type of high Q resonant metasurface. Simulation results show that the Sb2S3-LN metasurface has extremely narrow linewidth of 0.096 nm and high quality (Q) factor of 15,964. With LN as the waveguide layer, strong nonlinear properties are observed in the hybrid metasurface, which can be employed for optical switches and isolators. By adding a pair of Au electrodes on both sides of the LN, we can realize dynamic electro-optical control of the resonant metasurface. The ultra-low loss of Sb2S3, and its combination with LN, makes it possible to realize a new family of high Q resonant metasurfaces for actively tunable nanophotonic devices with widespread applications including optical switching, light modulation, dynamic beam steering, optical phased array and so on.

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Optical anapole mode in nanostructured lithium niobate for enhancing second harmonic generation

Cited by 65 publications

References 56 publications

Nonlinear Lithium Niobate Metasurfaces for Second Harmonic Generation

Nonlinear Lithium Niobate Metasurfaces for Second Harmonic Generation

A Toroidal‐Fano‐Resonant Metasurface with Optimal Cross‐Polarization Efficiency and Switchable Nonlinearity in the Near‐Infrared

High Q Resonant Sb2S3-Lithium Niobate Metasurface for Active Nanophotonics

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