Optical analysis of damage profiles in ion implanted LiNbO3

Zhang, L.; Chandler, P. J.; Townsend, Peter

doi:10.1016/0168-583x(91)95783-a

Cited by 46 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…2,11-13 Structural modifications to the waveguide structure impact the refractive index profile through electron density changes and straininduced photoelastic effects. In LiNbO 3 waveguide structures, n(z) has been shown to be similar to the depth dependence of the implanted energy density 11 and the resulting expansion in the atomic plane d-spacing. 12 In PZN-PT, the changes in refractive index reported here and the expansion in the atomic plane d-spacing reported in Ref.…”

Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

He Ion Implantation and the Refractive Index Depth Profile in Relaxor Ferroelectric Optical Waveguides

Moran

Chen

Tangtrakarn

et al. 2007

Journal of Elec Materi

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This work reports the impact of He ion implantation conditions on the depthdependent refractive index profile n(z) defining optical waveguides in 95.5% Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -4.5%PbTiO 3 (4.5% PZN-PT). Two hypotheses are investigated. The first is that n(z) follows the same functional form as the energy deposited into the lattice for all implantation conditions. The second is that the effective refractive indices for fully confined propagating modes can be accurately predicted by a simple step-function analytical approximation. Experimentally observed prism-coupled reflectivity data are collected from 4.5% PZN-PT samples implanted with 1.0 MeV He ions for doses varying from 7.5 · 10 14 ions/cm 2 to 1 · 10 17 ions/cm 2 and with 3.8 MeV He ions for doses varying from 1 · 10 15 ions/cm 2 to 5 · 10 16 ions/cm 2 . For doses less than 5 · 10 16 ions/cm 2 , the data are consistent with a functional form of n(z) following that of the energy deposited to the lattice. The confined modes are accurately described by a step-function approximation to n(z). These data and analyses result in the ability to design waveguides in PZN-PT through choosing implantation conditions that deposit the appropriate energy profile. This is not the case for the highest implantation doses, potentially signaling a difference in the type of structural modification that occurs.

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Section: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

He Ion Implantation and the Refractive Index Depth Profile in Relaxor Ferroelectric Optical Waveguides

Moran

Chen

Tangtrakarn

et al. 2007

Journal of Elec Materi

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“…where the z variable plays the role of time parameter and the potential V = k 2 x 2 0 (n 2 0 − n 2 ). Typical numbers in LiNbO 3 waveguides are [54,55]: refractive index varying from n 0 = 2.217 to n max = 2.230, wavelength of light λ = 1064nm and characteristic size of beam x 0 = 10µm. Then, diffraction length is = 1.30919mm, the parameter ν takes the value ν = 0.00763829 and the potential V is zero where n = n 0 and V = −201.598 in regions where n = n max .…”

Section: Paraxial Approximationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic systems with two-dimensional landscapes of complex refractive index via time-dependent supersymmetry

Contreras-Astorga

Jakubský

2019

Phys. Rev. A

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We present a framework for the construction of solvable models of optical settings with genuinely twodimensional landscapes of refractive index. Solutions of the associated non-separable Maxwell equations in paraxial approximation are found using the time-dependent supersymmetry. We discuss peculiar theoretical aspects of the construction. In particular, we focus on the existence of localized solutions specific for the new systems. Sufficient conditions for their existence are discussed. Localized solutions vanishing for large | x|, which we call light dots, as well as the guided modes that vanish exponentially outside the wave guides, are constructed. We consider different definitions of the parity operator and analyze general properties of the PTsymmetric systems, e.g. presence of localized states or existence of symmetry operators. Despite the models with parity-time symmetry are of the main concern, the proposed framework can serve for construction of non-PT -symmetric systems as well. We explicitly illustrate the general results on a number of physically interesting examples, e.g. wave guides with periodic fluctuation of refractive index or with a localized defect, curved wave guides, two coupled wave guides or a uniform refractive index system with a localized defect. arXiv:1808.08225v2 [math-ph]

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“…D represents the damaged spectrum. refractive index probably due to the disorder induced by incoming ions, therefore, the refractive-index profile is related to the ion-implantation profile, either the ion concentration or nuclear disorder profile [1,2]. The relation between the damage and the refractive index is complex and not fully understood since it is dependent on the type of defect produced [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage profile and mode observation in LiTaO₃ by low-energy H⁺ ions

Keming¹,

Hu²,

Chen³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Phys.

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LiTaO 3 samples were implanted with 50, 80, 120, and 150 keV H + ions. The damage profiles in LiTaO 3 induced by H + ions were investigated using the Rutherford backscattering/channeling technique. We used TRIM (transport of ions in matter) to simulate it. It was found that the shape of the experimental damage profile was similar to one predicted by TRIM'98, but the experimental damage ratio (N D /N) was higher than the calculated damage ratio based on TRIM'98. The modes in LiTaO 3 were measured by a prism-coupling method for all samples. The modes were observed only for LiTaO 3 implanted with 80, 120, and 150 keV H + ions. The present result shows that optical wave guides in LiTaO 3 can be formed by lower energy H + ions. 61.85+p, 78.20Ci Résumé : Nous avons implanté des ions H + de 50, 80, 120 et 180 keV dans des échantillons de LiTaO 3 . La technique de diffusion arrière de Rutherford a permis d'étudier le profil des dommages causés par ce bombardement dans le LiTaO 3 . Nous le simulons à l'aide de TRIM (Transport d'Ions dans la Matière). Il y a un bon accord entre le profil expérimental des dommages et le profil obtenu de la simulation TRIM'98, sauf le rapport expérimental de dommage (N D /N ) qui est plus élevé que celui prédit par TRIM'98. Par la méthode des prismes couplés, nous avons mesuré les modes dans les échantillons de LiTaO 3 implantés par des ions de 80, 120 et 150 keV. Nos résultats montrent que les ions de plus basse énergie peuvent former des guides d'onde optiques dans le LiTaO 3 .[Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Optical analysis of damage profiles in ion implanted LiNbO3

Cited by 46 publications

References 13 publications

He Ion Implantation and the Refractive Index Depth Profile in Relaxor Ferroelectric Optical Waveguides

He Ion Implantation and the Refractive Index Depth Profile in Relaxor Ferroelectric Optical Waveguides

Photonic systems with two-dimensional landscapes of complex refractive index via time-dependent supersymmetry

Damage profile and mode observation in LiTaO₃ by low-energy H⁺ ions

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Optical analysis of damage profiles in ion implanted LiNbO3

Cited by 46 publications

References 13 publications

He Ion Implantation and the Refractive Index Depth Profile in Relaxor Ferroelectric Optical Waveguides

He Ion Implantation and the Refractive Index Depth Profile in Relaxor Ferroelectric Optical Waveguides

Photonic systems with two-dimensional landscapes of complex refractive index via time-dependent supersymmetry

Damage profile and mode observation in LiTaO3 by low-energy H+ ions

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Damage profile and mode observation in LiTaO₃ by low-energy H⁺ ions