Opsoclonus in Adults

Digre, Kathleen B.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1986.00520110055016

Cited by 145 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…A descriptive term, it is now also used to describe similar eye movements in other disease processes [12]. Electronys-tagmographic study has demonstrated that opsoclonus clearly differs from other eye movement disorders [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Forty years later a more accurate description of DES was published [43]. In adults, opsoclonus with myoclonus is well recognised as a paraneoplastic phenomenon [2,13] and also as a short selflimiting illness not associated with a tumour [7,12,45]. In children associated malignancy is usually of neural crest origin, neuroblastoma or ganglioneuroblastoma [30], but only 2%-3% of children with neuroblastoma also have DES [18,50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in children with DES and neuroblastoma have suggested a frequent legacy of chronic neurological deficit [23]. Adult forms of the condition are described as leaving little residual neurological damage [12]. Other observers have noted persistence of neurological deficit, but not the frequency or severity [5,29,36,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurological sequelae of the dancing eye syndrome

1996

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurological sequelae of the dancing eye syndrome

1996

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“…Clonazepam has been reported to be useful in some cases [54]. Other treatments reported to be useful in certain cases include valproic acid, piracetam, and reserpine [58][59][60].…”

Section: Opsoclonus-myoclonus Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Myoclonus

Caviness

2014

Neurotherapeutics

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Myoclonus creates significant disability for patients. This symptom or sign can have many different etiologies, presentations, and pathophysiological mechanisms. A thorough evaluation for the myoclonus etiology is critical for developing a treatment strategy. The best etiological classification scheme is a modified version from that proposed by Marsden et al. in 1982. Clinical neurophysiology, as assessed by electromyography and electroencephalography, can be used to classify the pathophysiology of the myoclonus using a neurophysiology classification scheme. If the etiology of the myoclonus cannot be reversed or treated, then symptomatic treatment of the myoclonus itself may be warranted. Unfortunately, there are few controlled studies for myoclonus treatments. The treatment strategy for the myoclonus is best derived from the neurophysiology classification scheme categories: 1) cortical, 2) cortical-subcortical, 3) subcorticalnonsegmental, 4) segmental, and 5) peripheral. A cortical physiology classification is most common. Levetiracetam is suggested as first-line treatment for cortical myoclonus, but valproic acid and clonazepam are commonly used. Corticalsubcortical myoclonus is the physiology demonstrated by myoclonic seizures, such as in primary epileptic myoclonus (e.g., juvenile myoclonic epilepsy). Valproic acid has demonstrated efficacy in such epileptic syndromes with other medications providing an adjunctive role. Clonazepam is used for subcortical-nonsegmental myoclonus, but other treatments, depending on the syndrome, have been used for this physiological type of myoclonus. Segmental myoclonus is difficult to treat, but clonazepam and botulinum toxin are used. Botulinum toxin is used for focal examples of peripheral myoclonus. Myoclonus treatment is commonly not effective and/or limited by side effects.

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“…The most common tumor type is lung cancer. 42 Prompt therapy of the tumor results in a better prognosis, but most adult patients have persistent deficits. Some patients may respond to the use of steroids.…”

Section: Opsoclonus-myoclonusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraneoplastic Syndromes

Gadgeel¹

Oncology

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Opsoclonus in Adults

Cited by 145 publications

References 58 publications

Neurological sequelae of the dancing eye syndrome

Neurological sequelae of the dancing eye syndrome

Treatment of Myoclonus

Paraneoplastic Syndromes

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