Opioid addiction: Who are your real friends?

Eitan, Shoshana; Emery, Michael A.; Bates, M.L. Shawn; Horrax, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.017

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…However, patients with chronic pain who are treated with opioid medications are at an increased risk for opioid use disorder (OUD) and opioid‐related morbidity . More recently, prescribers have adopted a conservative approach to opioid therapy in light of these growing safety concerns …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 More recently, prescribers have adopted a conservative approach to opioid therapy in light of these growing safety concerns. [3][4][5][6] Despite a changing stance on long-term opioid prescribing, the United States has seen a stark increase in OUD and diversion of prescription opioid medications. 1 It is estimated that between the years of 2002 and 2011, 25 million adults used an opiate narcotic without medical indication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends of Opioid Use Disorder Among Hospitalized Patients With Chronic Pain

et al. 2019

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Background Patients with chronic pain treated with opioids are at an increased risk for opioid misuse or opioid use disorder (OUD). Recent years have seen a stark increase in abuse, misuse, and diversion of prescription opioid medications. The aim of this study was to investigate trends in changing rates of opioid use disorder among patients with chronic pain. Methods The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database identified chronic pain admissions with OUD from 2011 to 2015. Patients were identified from the NIS database using International Classification of Diseases (9th and 10th revisions) diagnosis codes for chronic pain and OUD. Annual estimates and trends were determined for OUD, patient characteristics, OUD among subgroups of chronic pain conditions, and discharge diagnosis. Results We identified 10.3 million patients with chronic pain. Of these, 680,631 patients were diagnosed with OUD. The number of patients with OUD increased from 109,222 in 2011 to 172,680 in 2015 (P < 0.001). Similarly, there were upward trends of OUD among females (53.2% to 54.5%; P = 0.09), patients 65 to 84 years of age (11.8% to 17%; P < 0.001), Medicare‐insured patients (39.5% to 46.0%; P < 0.01), patients with low annual household incomes (27.8% to 33.3%; P < 0.001), and patients with cannabinoid use disorder (7.2% to 8.3%; P = 0.01). The prevalence of OUD increased from 2011 to 2015 in patients with chronic regional pain syndrome (5.53% to 7.46%; P = 0.01) and spondylosis (1.32% to 1.81%; P < 0.001). Conclusions These findings suggest that the prevalence of OUD increased substantially from 2011 to 2015. Disparities of OUD with increasing opioid use among vulnerable populations including women, those with Medicare insurance, tobacco use disorder, and low annual income should be explored further.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of Opioid Use Disorder Among Hospitalized Patients With Chronic Pain

et al. 2019

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“…Cuando el estímulo para adquirir la droga ocasiona conductas de búsqueda de la sustancia que ocurre a pesar de los daños físicos, emocionales, y sociales del fármaco dependiente, entonces la obsesión o compulsión para adquirir y utilizar la droga se considera un reflejo de un estado de adicción. Sobre las razones de por qué algunas personas desarrollan adicción y otras no, algunos estudios indican que es una combinación de predisposición genética y factores ambientales y sociales (Eitan et al, 2017) Addicts to an opioid medicine that quit consuming the drug can experience severe withdrawal symptoms that begin as early as a few hours after the drug was last taken. These symptoms include: pain in muscles and bones, problems to sleep, diarrhea, vomits, shivers,…”

Section: Componente Social Y De Comportamientounclassified

“…The stimulus to acquire the drug causes seeking behaviors of the substance, occurring in spite of the physical, emotional and social damages caused to the drug addict, therefore the obsession or addiction to acquire and use the drug is considered as a reflect of an addiction state. About the reasons why some people develop addiction and others do not, some studies indicate that it is a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental and social factors(Eitan et al, 2017). The dilemma of opioids analgesics is that they are indispensable medicines to relieve determined types of chronic pains, but at the same time, they can lead to cause great suffering to people developing addiction and/or overdose.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmacología y Epidemiología de Opioides

Cardoso‐Ortiz

López-Luna

Lor

et al. 2020

rbio

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Los opioides desde hace muchos años son los analgésicos más utilizados y efectivos para el tratamiento del dolor. Este trabajo da a conocer la clasificación farmacológica, usos terapéuticos, riesgos a la salud y reacciones adversas de los opioides como fármacos, planteando el paradigma del usar este tipo de fármacos para el control del dolor, sin embargo se han convertido en un problema de salud en distintos países ya que en ciertas circunstancias tienen un alto potencial de causar adicción. Además de su uso contra el dolor, los opioides son utilizados como antidiarreicos, antitusivos y para el tratamiento de diversas sintomatologías. A pesar de los efectos adversos, el mal uso y abuso de los opioides; se consideran imprescindibles en la terapia contra el dolor. Actualmente las investigaciones farmacéuticas trabajan en la búsqueda constante de nuevos fármacos con efectos menos severos y con potencia analgésica

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“…Thirty min post-baseline assessment, mice were injected with a single, challenge dose of fentanyl (0.4 mg/kg i.p.) and were tested on the hot plate for antinociception every 10 min for 1 h. Given the influence of social drug state on opioid behaviors (Eitan et al 2017), mice within the same home cage all received the same treatment. Using R (https://www.r-project.org/), we analyzed fentanyl tolerance via mixed design ANOVA (between-subjects:…”

Section: Fentanyl Antinociceptive Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Fentanyl-induced antinociception, reward, reinforcement, and withdrawal in Hnrnph1 mutant mice

Bryant

Healy

Ruan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) and opioid-related deaths remain a major public health concern in the United States. Both environmental and genetic factors influence risk for OUD. We previously identified Hnrnph1 as a quantitative trait gene underlying the stimulant, rewarding, and reinforcing properties of methamphetamine. Prior work demonstrates that hnRNP H1, the RNA-binding protein encoded by Hnrnph1, post-transcriptionally regulates Oprm1 (mu opioid receptor gene) -the primary molecular target for the therapeutic and addictive properties of opioids. Because genetic variants can exert pleiotropic effects on behaviors induced by multiple drugs of abuse, in the current study, we tested the hypothesis that Hnrnph1 mutants would show reduced behavioral sensitivity to the mu opioid receptor agonist fentanyl. Hnrnph1 mutants showed reduced sensitivity to fentanyl-induced locomotor activity, along with a female-specific reduction in, and a male-specific induction of, locomotor sensitization following three, daily injections (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.). Hnrnph1 mutants also required a higher dose of fentanyl to exhibit opioid reward as measured via conditioned place preference. Male Hnrnph1 mutants showed reduced fentanyl reinforcement. Hnrnph1 mutants also showed reduced sucrose motivation, suggesting a reward deficit. No genotypic differences were observed in baseline thermal nociception, fentanylinduced antinociception, physical or negative affective signs of opioid dependence, or in sensorimotor gating. In the context of our prior work, these findings suggest that Hnrnph1 dysfunction exerts a selective role in reducing the addiction liability to drugs of abuse (opioids and psychostimulants), which could provide new biological pathways to improve their therapeutic profiles.

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Opioid addiction: Who are your real friends?

Cited by 35 publications

References 199 publications

Trends of Opioid Use Disorder Among Hospitalized Patients With Chronic Pain

Trends of Opioid Use Disorder Among Hospitalized Patients With Chronic Pain

Farmacología y Epidemiología de Opioides

Fentanyl-induced antinociception, reward, reinforcement, and withdrawal in Hnrnph1 mutant mice

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