Operational Efficiency of an Immunization Clinic Attached to Rural Health Training Centre in Delhi, India: A Time and Motion Study

Kumar, Varun; Mangal, Abha; Panesar, Sanjeet; Yadav, Geeta; Talwar, Richa; Raut, Deepak; Singh, Sapna

doi:10.1155/2014/671963

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Similarly, a time-motion study done at the immunization clinic attached to a rural health center in Delhi found that 64.1% of their study participants spent their time waiting. 17 However, they attributed the reason for the long waiting time to the lack of health care workers, whereas in the present study, it was due to the non-adherence of the beneficiaries to the allotted time.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

A time-motion study of the COVID-19 vaccination process in an urban primary health center of Odisha, India

Alekhya

Giri

Arjun

et al. 2022

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Vaccination is a critical tool in protecting against COVID-19. It is essential to know the time for each activity in a COVID-19 vaccination process for better management, especially during a pandemic. Thus, we conducted a time-motion study to identify activities that led to delayed/increased waiting time in an urban primary health center in Bhubaneswar, India. We observed 196 COVID-19 vaccine beneficiaries over one month (June 2021) from when they arrived at the vaccination center until they left the center. A data collection form and a Stopwatch were used to estimate the time taken for various activities involved in COVID-19 vaccine delivery. The time taken was expressed in mean and median. We also compared the time taken during the first and second doses using the Mann-Whitney U test. The total mean time spent at the vaccination center was 40:56 ± 20:52 minutes. The activity that took the longest was ‘waiting time in queue before vaccination’, which was 34:22 ± 20:56 min constituting 82% of the total time. The activity that took longer for the second dose than the first was the beneficiary verification in the Co-WIN portal with a median of 27 seconds and 36 seconds, respectively (p < .001). This study will help program managers formulate better strategies to improve the vaccination process making it more efficient.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

A time-motion study of the COVID-19 vaccination process in an urban primary health center of Odisha, India

Alekhya

Giri

Arjun

et al. 2022

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…13 Many studies stated that in India major obstacles in achieving full immunization coverage are long waiting times and insufficient and inefficient staff. 14,15 Such problems are more severe in rural areas because of a lack of resources and infrastructure and especially if we are dealing with paediatric patients. 14,15 In the present study, it was observed that study participants must spend 20% of the total time spent in initial registration only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 Such problems are more severe in rural areas because of a lack of resources and infrastructure and especially if we are dealing with paediatric patients. 14,15 In the present study, it was observed that study participants must spend 20% of the total time spent in initial registration only. Though adequate healthcare workers are posted in immunization clinics long waiting times could be due to a lack of adequate healthcare workers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Time-Motion Analysis of An Urban Immunization Facility in The Konkan Region of India

Chopade¹,

Kamate²,

Bhaisare³

2022

Natl J Community Med

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Context/Background: Time motion studies involve the collection of data regarding the amount of time necessary to perform a specific movement or task by individuals or groups of people. Thus, hospital administrators can determine how much time is needed to execute that activity and whether the time is used efficiently and whether there is any possibility of improvement. Aims/Objectives: To study the operational efficiency of an immunization clinic attached to the urban health training centre. To assess the perception of patients regarding the health service delivery in the immunization OPD. Methodology: It was an observational study carried out in the immunization clinic of an urban health training center attached to a tertiary medical college, in the Konkan region of India for over 6 months. About 300 patients were included in the study. Results: According to 23.34% of study participants, the total time was too long. 24% of study participants were not satisfied with the total time taken while 48.33% of study participants were satisfied with the total time. Conclusions: Management of time at various levels of the healthcare system is a need for the hour and necessary remedial actions should be initiated for optimal functioning of the healthcare system.

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“…The average waiting time was found to be 44.85 minutes (17.92 minutes to 126.56 minutes in surgery and nephrology department respectively), average consultation time for all OPD was found to be 17.357 minutes (6.00 minutes in medicine department to 76.840 minutes in psychiatry department) (20). In another study ~ 70% of the population is served by facilities within a 2-hour transfer time to a hospital and spent 64.1% of their total time in waiting at the immunization clinics (21,22). Despite the challenges in accessibility of maternal and child health service for mothers and children in Ethiopia there is paucity of information about the average time spent and its determinants in using the service; hence the current study aims to ll this gap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time spent in referral process and its determinants among clients of maternal and child health service in Jimma zone, Ethiopia, 2020; A cross-sectional study.

Kitila¹,

Tesema²,

Bedada³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The time spent between referring and receiving health facilities is an important determinant of the outcome of the referred patients/clients especially among women in low income countries due to poor access to early and appropriate referrals. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the average time spent between referring and service utilization at receiving health facility.Methods A cross-sectional study was employed by using time and motion approach. Structured questionnaire and observation checklist were used for collecting data. SPSS 21 version was used for data analysis and binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify a variable which has a significant association on the basis of OR, 95% CI and a P value of less than 0.05.Result A total of 266 women were participated in the study with the mean age of the study population is 24.65(± 5.03) years. Majority 223(83.8%) of the participants came for maternal health services and more than half 143(53.8%) of the respondents were self-referrals. Amongst the referred cases the main reason for the referral was for further evaluation and management. Women spent a maximum of 540 minutes on the way to arrive at receiving health facility. Residence and distance were the predictor variables for average time spent. More than two fifth of the women wait more than three hours to get the service at receiving health facility. Residence and distance were the determinant variables for average time spent.Conclusion In general, women wait a maximum of one and half hours to contact health care providers for assessment and more than two fifth of the women wait more than three hours to get the service at receiving health facility. Giving due emphasis to referral system as an integral part of maternal health was essential.

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Operational Efficiency of an Immunization Clinic Attached to Rural Health Training Centre in Delhi, India: A Time and Motion Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

A time-motion study of the COVID-19 vaccination process in an urban primary health center of Odisha, India

A time-motion study of the COVID-19 vaccination process in an urban primary health center of Odisha, India

A Time-Motion Analysis of An Urban Immunization Facility in The Konkan Region of India

Time spent in referral process and its determinants among clients of maternal and child health service in Jimma zone, Ethiopia, 2020; A cross-sectional study.

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