Operation, performance and economic analysis of low head micro-hydropower turbines for rural and remote areas: A review

Elbatran, A. H.; Yaakob, Omar; Ahmed, Yasser M.; Shabara, H. M.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.11.045

Cited by 234 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Later, other authors presented more research that presented the description, operation, performance, and theoretical model of these machines [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. PATs are normally used in pressurized water networks but they can also be used in open channel flows when complementary civil works are carried out to adapt to PAT operating conditions.…”

Section: Type Of Hydraulic Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Recovery in Existing Water Networks: Towards Greater Sustainability

Sánchez

Sánchez‐Romero

Ramos

et al. 2017

Water

116

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Analyses of possible synergies between energy recovery and water management are essential for achieving sustainable improvements in the performance of irrigation water networks. Improving the energy efficiency of water systems by hydraulic energy recovery is becoming an inevitable trend for energy conservation, emissions reduction, and the increase of profit margins as well as for environmental requirements. This paper presents the state of the art of hydraulic energy generation in drinking and irrigation water networks through an extensive review and by analyzing the types of machinery installed, economic and environmental implications of large and small hydropower systems, and how hydropower can be applied in water distribution networks (drinking and irrigation) where energy recovery is not the main objective. Several proposed solutions of energy recovery by using hydraulic machines increase the added value of irrigation water networks, which is an open field that needs to be explored in the near future.Keywords: irrigation water networks; water-energy nexus; renewable energy; sustainability and efficiency; hydropower solutions; water management Hydropower GenerationSociety's energy consumption worldwide has increased by up to 600% over the last century. This increase has been a direct result of population growth since the industrial revolution, in which energy has been provided mainly by fossil fuels. Nevertheless, today and in the near future, renewable energies are expected to be more widely implemented to help maintain sustainable growth and quality of life and, by 2040, to reduce energy consumption down to the 2010 levels [1].Sustainability must be achieved by using strategies that do not increase the overall carbon footprint, considering all levels of production (macro-and microscale) of the different supplies. These strategies' development has to be univocally linked to new technologies [2]. Special attention must be paid to those new strategies that are related to energy recovery. These new techniques have raised interesting environmental and economic advantages. Therefore, a deep knowledge of the water-energy nexus is crucial for quantifying the potential for energy recovery in any water system [3], and defining performance indicators to evaluate the potential level of energy savings is a key issue for sustainability, environmental, or even management solutions [4].Energy recovery, with the aim of harnessing the power dissipated by valves (in pressurized flow) or hydraulic jumps (in open channels), is becoming of paramount importance in water distribution

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Section: Type Of Hydraulic Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Recovery in Existing Water Networks: Towards Greater Sustainability

Sánchez

Sánchez‐Romero

Ramos

et al. 2017

Water

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to the space limitation in the laboratory, the tank was placed 3.7 meters' height from the ground level. The velocity of water drop from the tank was calculated by using Equation (1). The Top Tank was designed with a volume of 640 liters, and the water density is 1000 kg/m 3 .…”

Section: First Variantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many types of turbine used in hydropower system, such as Pelton, Kaplan turbine, Francis reaction turbine, Pump as Turbine (PAT), etc. PAT technology that first introduced in 1931 [1] is one of a micro hydropower system that used an available commercial pump as a turbine in order to generate rotational movement. PAT has several advantages such as 53% cost equipment reduction compare to another hydropower system [2], the power source availability, simple design and easy to install [3], components are available in the market [3], and long life time up to 25 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Pump as Turbine Experimental Test Facility

et al. 2017

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Abstract. This paper presents the design process of experimental test facility for pump as turbine hydropower system. Three design possibilities that related to the PAT condition of operation was developed and analyzed by using CFD Software. It is found that the First Variant with a straight flow to the PAT will produce higher velocity, which is needed to generate more rotation of the shaft generator, in order to generate more electric power. The strength of PAT construction was analyzed by using FEM software. It was found that the maximum stress is 6 MPa and can be concluded that the construction is appropriate to the design requirement.

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“…The real-time load distribution of hydro-thermal power system [1]refers to distribute the load among hydropower and thermal power stations according to certain economic operation [2] mode. However, when the load changes, dispatchers usually make real-time load adjustment based on their scheduling experience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Real-Time Load Distribution Method of Hydro-Thermal Power Grid Based on Working Conditions Self-Matching

Chen

Zhou

Wang

2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Short-term hydro-thermal power optimal dispatch is a classical problem. Traditional scheduling methods cannot meet the requirements of different dispatch periods separately, and can hardly ensure the safety operation of cascade hydropower stations and reduce wasting water. So the problem how to ensure the safety operation of power grid and the rational utilization of water resources should be settled urgently. In order to solve the problem, a realtime load distribution method of hydro-thermal power grid based on working conditions selfmatching is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, working conditions self-matching is proposed to meet the requirements of different dispatch periods separately for ensuring the efficiency and economy of the power grid. Finally, the proposed method is applied to Sichuan power grid to verify its feasibility and effectiveness. Compared to traditional scheduling methods, the proposed method not only has excellent performance in the utilization of water resources but also can meet all constrains of each scheduling period, which provides a new method to solve the real-time load distribution of hydro-thermal power grid.

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Operation, performance and economic analysis of low head micro-hydropower turbines for rural and remote areas: A review

Cited by 234 publications

References 54 publications

Energy Recovery in Existing Water Networks: Towards Greater Sustainability

Energy Recovery in Existing Water Networks: Towards Greater Sustainability

Design of Pump as Turbine Experimental Test Facility

A Real-Time Load Distribution Method of Hydro-Thermal Power Grid Based on Working Conditions Self-Matching

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