“…Some previous reports, however, have indicated that complications were induced by vitrectomy, including corneal damage [10,12], retinal damage due to the composition of the irrigation solution [2,13], postoperative visual field loss [4,6,8] and nerve fiber damage induced by light toxicity from endoillumination [9,11]. Additionally, although surgical induction of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and fluid-air (F-A) exchange are indispensable techniques in modern vitrectomy, these procedures were also reported to cause retinal damage [4,6,8,14].…”