Operando odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as a promising tool for monitoring lithium-ion batteries during fast charging

Application of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Degradation and Aging Research of Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Copyright 2015 Elsevier); (d) nonlinear frequency response analysis (NFRA) (reprinted with permission from ref . Copyright 2017 Elsevier); (e) odd random-phase EIS (ORP-EIS) (reprinted with permission from ref . Copyright 2017 Elsevier).…”

“…The time series for odd random phase multisine currents are generated in MATLAB, then written to the text file, and finally applied through a potentiostat. Halleman et al extended the theoretical framework of ORP-EIS to NLTV systems by developing a nonlinear distortion quantification method, which makes it possible for ORP-EIS to be applied in LIBs. − Zhu et al used ORP-EIS to study the continuous evolution of the charge-transfer resistance over SOC for a NMC/graphite coin cell during charging at different temperatures, C-rates, and SOH . Since the method delivers a continuous function of resistance and SOC, the differential function of dR ct /dSOC vs SOC is obtained in Figure e, where the aged cell showed a larger upward slope than the new cell at SOC range of 70–100%.…”

“…59−61 Zhu et al used ORP-EIS to study the continuous evolution of the charge-transfer resistance over SOC for a NMC/graphite coin cell during charging at different temperatures, C-rates, and SOH. 62 Since the method delivers a continuous function of resistance and SOC, the differential function of dR ct /dSOC vs SOC is obtained in Figure 2e, where the aged cell showed a larger upward slope than the new cell at SOC range of 70− 100%. Halleman et al conducted ORP-EIS in a commercial potentiostat to monitor the impedance evolution of LIBs during charging and discharging.…”

The time-varying effect of thiourea on the copper electroplating process with industrial copper concentrations

“…The measurements in this paper are performed in synthetic copper sulfate solutions, without contaminants and at industrial relevant current densities. Operando ORP-EIS [28,[30][31][32] is used to characterize the copper plating process in operational mode. Operando ORP-EIS is an extension of our ORP-EIS technique [33][34][35][36], in which the input signal of the system consists out of DC current signal with an additional multisine signal [33].…”

Operando electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and its application to commercial Li-ion batteries

“…From the estimated nonlinear distortion and noise levels, uncertainty bounds on the impedance data are computed. The operando EIS technique has already successfully been applied to different electrochemical systems, like electrorefining [28], anodising [29] and Li-ion batteries [30]. In this last work, the evolution of the charge-transfer resistance over SOC is studied for a coin cell at different temperatures, C-rates and SOH.…”