Openness, rural-urban inequality, and happiness in China

Yong, Ma; Chen, Diandian

doi:10.1016/j.ecosys.2020.100834

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In other words, schools seemed to have made some effort to provide some openness, but it was either inadequate or superficial and, as a result, there was no actual equity among students of the same school and within the student body in general. These findings are in line with the findings of Ma and Chen (2020), Olakulehin and Singh (2013) and Tynan and James (2013), who highlight the existence of social inequities and problems that are ultimately reproduced in the school environment, dividing students into categories, regarding their financial class and cultural background.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Openness is presented as a panacea and agent of democracy, even in countries with different regimes, but without the root causes of closedness in education being addressed (Das, 2016). Issues such as differences between cities and provinces, quality of life, availability and access to technological equipment, civic culture and social stereotypes, or even the availability of electricity are not sufficiently addressed and, so, openness is superficial and constrained by political agendas (Ma & Chen, 2020;Olakulehin & Singh, 2013;Tynan & James, 2013). Therefore, openness in education is sometimes a tool in the hands of politicians and ends up failing, intensifying inequalities and creating an academic apartheid, confirming Bourdieu's and Bernstein's aforementioned theories of inequalities in both society and education.…”

Section: Factors Of Opennessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reflecting Upon Openness Within Greek School Educational Settings in the (Post) Pandemic Era

Sakkoula

2023

Proceedings of the International Conference on Education

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The Covid-19 pandemic outburst combined with the 21st-century globalized society conditions has triggered a wide demand for radical educational changes with an emphasis on the philosophy of openness in order for human rights, equity and democracy to be enhanced. Even though traditional school education seems to be resisting to those changes and maintains its closed character, it was forced to partially modify and readapt its outdated educational practices and policy, due to the imposed lockdowns and the obligatory implementation of distance education. Therefore, this paper adopts a qualitative approach andby analyzing the textual content of 15 school Minute Booksaims to examine the features of openness and the factors that have influenced it in Greek secondary educational settings during and after the end of the 2021 imposed lockdowns. Findings show that openness in school education is highly affected by several socioeconomic and educational factors, such as the existence of vulnerable student groups, educational leadership's attitude and economic inequalities within the student population. Furthermore, certain openness features have derived in terms of accessibility and flexibility, which are in relation to both distance and face-to-face education. This paper adds up to the existing literature and offers a new insight, as it shows how the worldwide pandemic affected openness in schools, not only during the lockdowns, but also in the aftermath.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Factors Of Opennessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflecting Upon Openness Within Greek School Educational Settings in the (Post) Pandemic Era

Sakkoula

2023

Proceedings of the International Conference on Education

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“…It was observed that Central and Coastal Chinese cities, which were most exposed to the global markets, had the lowest level of SWB and vice versa. In another study in China, Ma and Chen (2020) got an inverse U-shaped relation between trade openness and happiness. Welsch and Kühling (2016) revealed that increased trade openness had enhanced SWB in 30 OECD countries during 1990-2009.…”

Section: Globalisation and Happinessmentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of socioeconomic conditions on happiness: Evidence from emerging market economies

Kumari

Sahu

Sahoo

et al. 2021

Journal of Public Affairs

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The objective of the present study is to examine the impact of socioeconomic conditions on happiness in 21 Emerging Market Economies (EMEs) with the help of three sub-samples comprising America, Asia, and EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa) countries from 2006 to 2019. For this objective, panel corrected standard error model is used to resolve the problem of cross-sectional dependence, groupwise heteroscedasticity, and panel autocorrelation. The results of the study reveal that economic growth plays a positive role in determining the happiness of EMEs of America and EMEA sample countries. At the same time, globalisation and inflation affect the happiness of people in American sample countries in a negative way. In the sample of Asian countries, social support has a substantial impact on happiness. Corruption in the government and business sectors reduces the happiness of selected countries of both Asia and America. This article contributes to the existing literature by first time considering EMEs which have undergone liberalisation reforms and experienced transformation in their socioeconomic conditions. In conclusion, the study suggests that GDP per capita and social support positively stimulates happiness while the perception of corruption negatively impacts happiness in selected EMEs.These implications can help in building a line of actions for strengthening anti-corruption institutions and promoting social integrations among these EMEs.

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“…In the large urban centres (with variation in scale in both the eastern and western worlds), the cost of living close to the city centre and services centre has risen dramatically, so that either people can afford to spend a lot of money on the few remaining dwellings/accommodations (the city centre usually also becomes the financial centre with a majority of office buildings), or compromises have to be made on the distance to the city centre, on the cubage, on the quality of housing, on neighbourhoods, or the quality of life in general [61,[63][64][65][66][67][68]. -Suburban and small rural centres are depopulating, with the loss of value of buildings, and consequent lack of investment for maintenance, to ensure territorial continuity through transport, to guarantee changes for the prevention of natural disasters, or the simple right to health and work.…”

Section: Urban Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting Cities towards Carbon Neutral Transition through Territorial Acupuncture

et al. 2023

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Since a solution towards carbon neutrality in already highly populated territories that does not profoundly alter the territories has not yet been found, territorial acupuncture, a new methodology presented in this paper, proposes a solution to this challenge and simultaneously helps to counter the dysfunctional dichotomy between large urban centres and small towns. The aim of this study is therefore to present this new concept and its operation. Hence, a phased study was carried out. Territorial acupuncture is the result of merging different theories and practices, such as Biourbanism, urban acupuncture, and energy community design. For Territorial Acupuncture, the territory is conceived as a single organism and, just like acupuncture in traditional Chinese medicine, punctual interventions (in this case, interconnected energy communities) would benefit the entire territory organism. To make the theory work properly, it will be necessary to carry out multi-scalar and multi-disciplinary analyses over the entire territory to identify the intervention points and then proceed to the design and interconnection of the individual district. Thus, Territorial Acupuncture provides a new approach to the resilience of densely populated territories, which, through punctual interventions on a district scale, benefits the entire territory by modifying energy, socio-economic, and environmental dynamics.

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Openness, rural-urban inequality, and happiness in China

Cited by 11 publications

References 57 publications

Reflecting Upon Openness Within Greek School Educational Settings in the (Post) Pandemic Era

Reflecting Upon Openness Within Greek School Educational Settings in the (Post) Pandemic Era

Impact of socioeconomic conditions on happiness: Evidence from emerging market economies

Supporting Cities towards Carbon Neutral Transition through Territorial Acupuncture

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