Openness and the Environmental Kuznets Curve: Evidence from China

Jayanthakumaran, Kankesu; Liu, Ying

doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2011.12.011

Cited by 94 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…His results indicate that partial indicators met the assumption [23]. Jayanthakumaran (2012) used China's province-level data and found that due to the unbalanced development among different regions, some pollution indicators failed to follow a decreasing trend when the economy kept growing [24]. The EKC curves of China's northeast regions based on the method of the ecological footprint revealed that economic growth there was U-shaped in its resource consumption [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Transformation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: Is It Undergoing the Environmental Kuznets Curve?

Xiong

Jong

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region Integration Plan is one of the most important national strategies in China promoting regional economic development. The environmental problems in this region, however, especially air pollution and contaminated groundwater, have enormous influence on the people's health while also causing economic loss. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the pattern of its environmental and economic development. Panel data in the period 2004-2014 are used to establish an advanced model of the Environmental Kuznets Curve. The results indicate that the economic growth and environmental pollution of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region do not completely meet the Environment Kuznets Curve assumptions. The discharge volume of industrial wastewater and economic growth reflect a wave-type relation. The sulfur dioxide discharge volume and economic growth reflect a U-shaped relation; the generated volume of industrial solid wastes and economic growth reflect a reversed N-shaped relation, which is in accordance with the Environmental Kuznets Curve characteristics at the second inflection point. The variables added value of the secondary industry, population size and raw coal consumption volume have a significant positive influence on the discharge of various environmental pollutants in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The analysis provides policy recommendations for the government to develop regional economic and environmental protection policies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Transformation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: Is It Undergoing the Environmental Kuznets Curve?

Xiong

Jong

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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show abstract

“…Therefore, trade also has an impact to raise the turning point for pollutant emission caused by energy consumption. Jayanthakumaran and Liu (2012) Lee (2013), Linh and Lin (2015)). By using cointegration analyzis and Granger causality test, some studies show that there is a long run relationship between the aforementioned variables and CO2 for Sub-Saharan African countries (Kivyiro and Arminen, 2014).…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of foreign direct investment and trade on carbon emissions in Turkey

Kaya

Kayalica

Kumaş

et al. 2017

Environmental Economics

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This study aims to observe the long run and short run effects of gross domestic product, foreign direct investment inflows and trade on CO2 emissions and causality relationships between these factors, using annual data for the period of 1974-2010. The empirical results demonstrate that the inverted U-shaped relationship of environmental Kuznets curve is valid for Turkey. In addition, there are positive long run effects of foreign direct investment and trade openness on CO2 emissions. The authors also find a bidirectional causality relationship between CO2 emission and FDI.

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“…This is called Pollution Haven Hypothesis [49]. Research [50,51] found that the opening up to foreign investment and the trade openness [52] are related to the SO2 pollution. This paper uses the ratio of foreign industrial output and industrial output to measure the degree of economic openness, recorded as open.…”

Section: Data and Sample Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Machine Learning in Environmental Tax Reform Assessment for Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Hubei Province, China

Zheng

2016

Sustainability

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During the past 30 year of economic growth, China has also accumulated a huge environmental pollution debt. China's government attempts to use a variety of means, including tax instruments to control environmental pollution. After nine years of repeated debates, the State Council Legislative Affairs Office released the Environmental Protection Tax Law (Draft) in June 2015. As China's first environmental tax law, whether this conservative "Environmental Fee to Tax (EFT)" reform could improve the environment has generated controversy. In this paper, we seek insights to this controversial issue using the machine learning approach, a powerful tool for environmental policy assessment. We take Hubei Province, the first pilot area as a case of EFT, and analyze the institutional incentive, behavior transformation and emission intensity reduction performance. Twelve pilot cities located in Hubei Province were selected to estimate the effect of the reform by using synthetic control and a rapid developing machine learning method for policy evaluation. We find that the EFT reform can promote emission intensity reduction. Especially, relative to comparable synthetic cities in the absence of the reform, the average annual emission intensity of Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 ) in the pilot cities dropped by 0.13 ton/million Yuan with a reduction rate of 10%-32%. Our findings also show that the impact of environmental tax reform varies across cities due to the administrative level and economic development. The results of our study are also supported by enterprise interviews. The EFT improves the overall environmental costs, and encourages enterprises to reduce emissions pollution. These results provide valuable experience and policy implications for the implementation of China's Environmental Protection Tax Law.

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Openness and the Environmental Kuznets Curve: Evidence from China

Cited by 94 publications

References 13 publications

Economic Transformation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: Is It Undergoing the Environmental Kuznets Curve?

Economic Transformation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region: Is It Undergoing the Environmental Kuznets Curve?

The role of foreign direct investment and trade on carbon emissions in Turkey

Using Machine Learning in Environmental Tax Reform Assessment for Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Hubei Province, China

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