Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractWe analyse strategic environmental standards in the presence of foreign direct investment (FDI). A foreign firm located in a host country competes with a domestic firm in another country to export a homogeneous good to a third country. We also extend the model to allow the number of FDI to be endogenous. When the number of foreign firms is exogenous, the FDI host country always applies stricter environmental regulation. However, under free entry and exit of foreign firms, the FDI host country may apply lower standards under both non-cooperative and cooperative equilibrium.JEL Classification: F2, H2

Following the Common Agency approach to political equilibrium, we examine how domestic interest groups can influence national policies toward FDI and how the choice of instrument by the government can affect lobbying activities. Domestic firms lobby for lower subsidies when a discriminatory subsidy on FDI is applied. However, when a subsidy is applied uniformly to both groups, they may lobby for higher subsidies. The nature of lobbying is also different for proportional and lump-sum profit subsidies when uniformly applied. The qualitative effect of the number of domestic firms or the degree of corruption on the equilibrium depends on the choice of instruments. Finally, with the help of numerical simulation, we examine whether there is any potential conflict between the government and the lobby groups on the choice of the instrument.Foreign direct investment, lobbying, subsidies,

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This study aims to observe the long run and short run effects of gross domestic product, foreign direct investment inflows and trade on CO2 emissions and causality relationships between these factors, using annual data for the period of 1974-2010. The empirical results demonstrate that the inverted U-shaped relationship of environmental Kuznets curve is valid for Turkey. In addition, there are positive long run effects of foreign direct investment and trade openness on CO2 emissions. The authors also find a bidirectional causality relationship between CO2 emission and FDI.

Summary Energy consumption is increasing in parallel with the population and technological advancements. Albeit the energy efficiency efforts, industrial consumption, and transportation have quite important roles in this increase. The electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to constitute a positive solution to mitigate energy use in transportation. Increasing penetration of EVs into public transport provides new opportunities both for environmental sustainability and transportation infrastructure. To project the potential operator revenue, we set up a hybrid model (solar and storage), which optimizes scheduling for the EV charging unit and evaluates environmental and economic benefits. Different operational scenarios of PV‐assisted charging stations will be simulated and solved with Rule‐based decision making. Since regulations have an important role in building the optimization model, scenarios are created considering different European regulations. Uncertainties depending on the traffic jam (arrival‐departure times), technological differences of the charging stations are encountered in the model. The results are compared among three different scenarios. Net present value of the system changes for different scenarios and electricity sale price is one of the main factors. This value tends to increase after an annual electricity sale price increase rate of 11%. Novelty statement In this study, the effect of different economic parameters on an electric vehicle charging station were analyzed. A system with electric vehicles, solar panel support, and external battery was mathematically modeled and a case study was done.

We analyse transboundary pollution externalities caused by consumption of goods. The model is of a reciprocal dumping type in which there are two countries and two firms. Each firm produces a homogeneous good to be consumed in both markets. There are two policies available to the governments of the two countries: consumption taxes and import tariffs. We characterise the Nash optimal levels of the instruments in the two countries. Our results suggest that the conditions satisfying higher consumption taxes in one country satisfy lower tariffs in that country. It is found that starting from non-cooperative solutions, an infinitesimal uniform reduction is unambiguously Pareto improving for each country and for the global welfare. This is because the gain from an increase in consumer surplus due to reform is larger than the loss in the tax revenues of the governments. Moreover, a revenue neutral reform which increases consumption taxes and reduce tariffs, is strictly Pareto improving.

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This paper reviews the literature on energy consumption behavior for both domestic and migrated/displaced population and aims to recommend crucial policy measures for creating awareness on the energy efficiency. Consumers’ adoption to the efficient usage of energy varies depending on demographic, behavioral and situational dynamics in their households and societies. The regional or national strategies to implement efficient technologies for the consumer engagement are crucial to change their behaviors. Migrants affect the energy usage patterns in the host country due to their different usage behaviors. Any type of measures for migrated population should include available, acceptable, accessible and affordable energy efficiency applications to engage them with the domestic population.