Open Science for Non-Specialists: Making Open Science Meaningful Beyond the Scientific Community

Elliott, Kevin C.

doi:10.1017/psa.2022.36

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…In doing so, it could address value judgments inherent in all research—such as the choice of research questions or methods, and the impacts of those choices for the results and their interpretations—but could also focus on those specific to the OS movement, such as the factors that motivate researchers to post articles ahead of peer review (i.e., preprints) or publish in OA journals ( Elliott, 2019 ). It could also emphasize personally or societally relevant aspects of research findings ( Elliott, 2022 ), which sometimes differ from those seen as scientifically relevant ( Elliott & Resnik, 2019 ). Besançon et al .…”

Section: The Argument For Os-based Journalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making science public: a review of journalists’ use of Open Access research

Fleerackers,

Chtena,

Pinfield

et al. 2024

F1000Res

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Science journalists are uniquely positioned to increase the societal impact of open research outputs by contextualizing and communicating findings in ways that highlight their relevance and implications for non-specialist audiences. Yet, it is unclear to what degree journalists use open research outputs, such as open access publications or preprints, in their reporting; what factors motivate or constrain this use; and how the recent surge in openly available research seen during the COVID-19 pandemic has affected this. This article examines these questions through a review of relevant literature published from 2018 onwards—particularly literature relating to the COVID-19 pandemic—as well as seminal articles outside the search dates. We find that research that explicitly examines journalists’ engagement with open access publications or preprints is scarce, with existing literature mostly addressing the topic tangentially or as a secondary concern, rather than a primary focus. Still, the limited body of evidence points to several factors that may hamper journalists’ use of these outputs and thus warrant further exploration. These include an overreliance on traditional criteria for evaluating scientific quality; concerns about the trustworthiness of open research outputs; and challenges using and verifying the findings. We also find that, while the COVID-19 pandemic encouraged journalists to explore open research outputs such as preprints, the extent to which these explorations will become established journalistic practices remains unclear. Furthermore, we note that current research is overwhelmingly authored and focused on the Global North, and the United States specifically. We conclude with recommendations for future research that attend to issues of equity and diversity, and more explicitly examine the intersections of open access and science journalism.

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Section: The Argument For Os-based Journalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making science public: a review of journalists’ use of Open Access research

Fleerackers,

Chtena,

Pinfield

et al. 2024

F1000Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Two major ICCROM conferences (Bologna 1998;Rome 2013) were organized to define conservation science's role, but the foundational ethos of science was not discussed at all (ICCROM 2000;ICCROM 2015). Without a discourse over the disciplinary matrix of science, it is challenging to clarify to diverse stakeholders in the field how science works, what it does, why its claims are justified (Elliott 2022), and how it could be applied to authenticity questions.…”

Section: Challenges In Articulating Authenticity In Art Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards sustainable conservation science in cultural heritage: bridging the gap between contemporary conservation theory and the philosophy of science in approaches to authenticity questions

Markevicius,

Olsson

2023

Front. Mater.

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As contemporary artists’ practices evolve to incorporate ever-newer forms and approaches, conservators are encountering challenges not met before, that influence the development of sustainable and green treatment methods and materials. Many challenges stem from how we understand and articulate authenticity and cultural heritage. In approaching authenticity, the conservation field seeks to rely on reliable knowledge, supplied by science that has been playing an ever more critical role in conservation and technical art history. While conservation science techniques are relatively well-known to conservators, the foundational ethos of the scientific inquiry that distinguishes science from other intellectual pursuits needs to be clarified. Exploration of the foundational ethos of science and the philosophy of science has lacked in conservation, which creates communication problems for stakeholders with different backgrounds: curators, conservators, art historians, and scientists, who operate in different realms, but need to produce knowledge across disciplines and collectively. To bridge this knowledge gap in authenticity questions, the authors take the perspective of the philosophy of science and discuss what makes the scientific inquiry distinct from other intellectual pursuits in the context of conservation. As a workable solution for cultural heritage, the authors propose adopting a concept of scientific attitude as a science demarcation criterion, introduced by Lee McIntyre. The new demarcation criterion, based on values rather than methodology, offers a sustainable approach to defining the role of present-day science in cultural heritage and building sustainable connections with diverse frameworks of knowledge used in conservation and authenticity questions.

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“…Journalists working in diverse contexts have expressed that the stories they can tell are often limited by the nature of the data available to them, with simple, relatable stories based on government data typically winning out over more complex data narratives (Lawson, 2022;Muthmainnah et al, 2022). It does not help that journalists are not often considered as stakeholders or users of ORD within the research community (Elliott, 2022), as evidenced by the lack of attention to journalism within manifestos and policy papers on ORD (Ekaputra et al, 2017;Stoneman, 2015). That is, ORD may be underutilized by journalists because, in their current forms and topics, they do not lend themselves easily to journalistic storytelling.…”

Section: Data Journalists' Use Of Open Data Before the Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open data journalism: A narrative synthesis of how, when, and why data journalists use open data sources

Fleerackers¹,

Chtena²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In this exploratory descriptive review, we synthesize the limited body of literature that has investigated whether, how, and why data journalists engage with open data. Fuelled by the open science movement, research and government data are increasingly shared online. While data journalists are ideally positioned to turn these datasets into compelling, accessible, and socially relevant stories, little is known about their use of these information sources and how this might affect their audiences. Through a critical reading of the literature, we provide an overview of key findings and gaps, as well as directions for future research. Given the rise of open data during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role data journalists have played in reporting on the evolving crisis, we also explore differences in literature published before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that theoretically grounded, mixed methods research that explicitly examines data journalists’ use of open data is sorely needed, especially research that attends to the varied forms and practices that can emerge in different journalistic cultures, media market structures, and political contexts. Such research could enable scholars to better support data journalists and their audiences in taking advantage of open data.

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Open Science for Non-Specialists: Making Open Science Meaningful Beyond the Scientific Community

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Making science public: a review of journalists’ use of Open Access research

Making science public: a review of journalists’ use of Open Access research

Towards sustainable conservation science in cultural heritage: bridging the gap between contemporary conservation theory and the philosophy of science in approaches to authenticity questions

Open data journalism: A narrative synthesis of how, when, and why data journalists use open data sources

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