Ontogenetic changes of diploic channels in modern humans

Lázaro, Gizéh Rangel de; Neubauer, Simon; Gunz, Philipp; Bruner, Emiliano

doi:10.1002/ajpa.24085

Cited by 9 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Similarly, the posterior development of the middle meningeal vessels in the long braincases of CS‐skulls was also hypothesized to be due to a passive topological redistribution of the vascular network (Eisová et al, 2021). This research shows once again that the importance of cranial dimensions to craniovascular morphology is amplified in CS and that in the ANS cranial size and dimensions are less important (Eisová et al 2016, 2019, 2021; Hershkovitz et al, 1999; Rangel de Lázaro et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Moreover, they showed that cranial vault thickness might in fact be a T A B L E 5 (Continued) major determinant of the diameter, branch length and volume of diploic channels during ontogeny, and that there might also be an association between diploe thickness and DV-features in adulthood (Rangel de Lázaro et al, 2020). Interestingly, our previous research (Eisová et al, 2016) did not reveal any relationship between cranial vault thickness and vascular elements in adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…DV presence has been documented from the 7th–9th month of fetal development, and a fully established diploic pattern seems to appear by the age of 5 years (Hershkovitz et al, 1999). The complexity of DV (e.g., the number, length and size of the branches) then continues to develop during ontogeny until adulthood (Alarfaj et al, 2021; Lachkar et al, 2019; Rangel de Lázaro et al, 2020; Tsutsumi et al, 2013). DV pattern is unique in every individual, and in that aspect could be used analogously to fingerprints (Hershkovitz et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diploic vein morphology in normal and craniosynostotic adult human skulls

Eisová

Velemínský

Velemínská

et al. 2022

Journal of Morphology

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Diploic veins (DV) run within the cranial diploe, where they leave channels that can be studied in osteological samples. This study investigates overall DV variability in human adults and the effects of sex, age, cranial dimensions, and dysmorphogenesis associated with craniosynostosis (CS). The morphology of macroscopic diploic channels was analyzed in a set of the qualitative and quantitative variables in computed tomography-images of crania of anatomically normal and craniosynostotic adult individuals. Macroscopic diploic channels occur most frequently in the frontal and parietal bones, often with a bilaterally symmetrical pattern. DV-features (especially DV-pattern) are characterized by high individual diversity. On average, there are 5.4 ± 3.5 large macroscopic channels (with diameters >1 mm) per individual, with a mean diameter of 1.7 ± 0.4 mm. Age and sex have minor effects on DV, and cranial proportions significantly influence DV only in CS skulls. CS is associated with changes in the DV numbers, distributions, and diameters.Craniosynostotic skulls, especially brachycephalic skulls, generally present smaller DV diameters, and dolichocephalic skulls display increased number of frontal DV. CS, associated with altered cranial dimensions, suture imbalance, increased intracranial pressure, and with changes of the endocranial craniovascular system, significantly also affects the macroscopic morphology of DV in adults, in terms of both structural (topological redistribution) and functional factors. The research on craniovascular morphology and CS may be of interest in biological anthropology, paleopathology, medicine (e.g., surgical planning), but also in zoology and paleontology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diploic vein morphology in normal and craniosynostotic adult human skulls

Eisová

Velemínský

Velemínská

et al. 2022

Journal of Morphology

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“…Such alternative channels could be especially useful in altered physiological conditions such as hyperthermia or craniosynostosis (Cabanac, 1993;Cabanac & Brinnel, 1985;Irmak et al, 2004;Louis et al, 2009;Mortazavi et al, 2012). The emissary veins also provide the outflow route for the diploic veins (Eisová et al, 2019;García-González et al, 2009;Hershkovitz et al, 1999;Rangel De Lázaro et al, 2016;Rangel-de Lázaro et al, 2020;Tsutsumi, 2020).…”

Section: Emissary Foramina and Emissary Veinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniovascular traits and braincase morphology in craniosynostotic human skulls

et al. 2021

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In the human cranium, several vascular networks leave imprints in the endocranial surface or create canals in the bone wall (Píšová et al., 2017;Rangel de Lázaro et al., 2018). Such osteological features, here termed craniovascular traits, provide indirect evidence of vascular patterns when only bone remains are available, such as in bioarchaeology, paleontology, and forensic science. Two vascular systems are imprinted in the endocranial table of the skull, specifically the middle meningeal artery (MMA) and the dural venous sinuses (DVS). Both run within the dura mater between the brain and the braincase (e.g.

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“…Once inside the head, it divides into the anterior and posterior branches. The MMV runs between the brain and the endocranial table, within the meninges, supplying the dura mater, the cranium, and anastomosing with the diploic veins and branches of other arteries (Patel, 2009; Rangel‐de Lázaro, Neubauer, Gunz, & Bruner, 2020). The DVS are placed between the two layers of dura mater and within its folds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing craniovascular traits in artificially modified pre‐Columbian crania from Cuba, the largest Caribbean archipelago

Lázaro

2020

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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The impressions left by the vascular system on the surface of the skull, like those of the middle meningeal vessels, the dural venous sinuses, and the emissary veins, are a unique source of vascular and anatomical evidence when working with osteological collections, as is the case with bioarchaeological, forensic, and paleoanthropological investigations. Craniovascular features have been investigated in multiple modern human populations; however, no information is available on their analysis in artificially modified pre‐Hispanic Caribbean skulls. To shed light on this matter, this report provides a reference for the prevalence, characterization, and distribution of craniovascular traits using a collection of fronto‐occipital tabular oblique artificially shaped pre‐Columbian crania from Cuba (the largest archipelago in the Caribbean) as a case study. Results suggest that changes produced by intentional head‐shaping may have affected the pattern and direction of endocranial vascular structures, whereas emissary foramina placed in less‐affected areas appear to be less influenced by changes in cranial morphology. Future work will investigate the consequences of artificial modification on the cranial and endocranial vascular systems and compare them with unmodified pre‐Columbian specimens. Also, the effects of head shaping in endocranial thermoregulation should be explored in the future. Providing new knowledge about the prevalence and variation of the craniovascular traits may be useful not only in research based on osteoarcheological collections but also in medicine.

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Ontogenetic changes of diploic channels in modern humans

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

Diploic vein morphology in normal and craniosynostotic adult human skulls

Diploic vein morphology in normal and craniosynostotic adult human skulls

Craniovascular traits and braincase morphology in craniosynostotic human skulls

Tracing craniovascular traits in artificially modified pre‐Columbian crania from Cuba, the largest Caribbean archipelago

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