Only two fisheries? Characteristics of the industrial bottom gillnet fisheries in southeastern and southern Brazil and their implications for management

Pio, Vanessa Mafra; Pezzuto, Paulo Ricardo; Wahrlich, Roberto

doi:10.3856/vol44-issue5-fulltext-2

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Indeed, some increase was observed in industrial landings in the southeastern region and, especially, in the southern region. The industrial bottom gillnet fishing fleet based in the state of Santa Catarina (southern Brazil), for example, showed increasing catches between 2001 and 2008 (Pio et al, 2016). The 2000s also coincide with an oil subsidy governmental policy (Arana et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussion General Features Of the Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of Marine Commercial Landings for the Brazilian Industrial and Artisanal Fisheries From 1950 to 2015

et al. 2021

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Landing data are the most basic information used to manage fisheries, although they are often unavailable or incomplete. The objective of this work was to reconstruct the national database of marine commercial landings for the Brazilian industrial and artisanal fisheries, from 1950 to 2015. Total landings increased strongly from 1950 to mid-1980s and suffered sharp decline in the early 1990s, mainly associated to the collapse of sardine fisheries. After that, another period of increasing landings was observed, but at a much lower rate. Industrial landings always surpassed artisanal landings in Brazilian waters, except for the beginning of the time series, when many industrial fleets had not started yet, and in the early 2000s, when a change in the methodology for collecting landing statistics was implemented in the state of Pará leading to an overestimation of artisanal landings. Artisanal fisheries have been declining since 2005, which is worrisome due to the social impact it may have on local income and food security. Regional differences were also observed, with industrial landings being always higher than artisanal landings in southeastern-southern Brazil, while the opposite was true for the northern-northeastern regions. Higher landings were observed in the southeastern-southern regions when both artisanal and industrial fleets were combined. Sardine and demersal fishes were the main resources landed by industrial fishers. Artisanal fishers caught more species than their industrial counterpart, featuring Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, Cynoscion acoupa, and Ucides cordatus. Although the fishing of Epinephelus itajara was banned in Brazil, it continues to be landed. Yet, catches of this species and others under some threat status are still not properly registered, including: Carcharhinus longimanus, Galeorhinus galeus, Sphyrna lewini, Sphyrna mokarran, Pristis pectinata, and Pseudobatos horkelii. Fishing resources not identified in previous landing reconstruction efforts, such as sea urchins and sea cucumbers, have now been reported. The database presented here should be continuously updated and improved. It is of paramount importance to resume the collection of landing statistics, including information on fishing effort, to assess the relative impact of fisheries and environmental factors on the main Brazilian fishing stocks.

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Section: Discussion General Features Of the Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of Marine Commercial Landings for the Brazilian Industrial and Artisanal Fisheries From 1950 to 2015

et al. 2021

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“…The food overlap between penguins, bluefish and striped weakfish is one of the factors that makes penguins vulnerable to incidental catches in gillnet fisheries (Cardoso, Bugoni, Mancini, & Haimovici, 2011). During the austral winter, approximately 70 industrial fishing boats operate with drift gillnets targeting the bluefish and more than 280 fishing boats operate with bottom gillnets targeting the demersal striped weakfish in southern Brazil (Pio, Pezzuto, & Wahrlich, 2016;Vasconcellos, Haimovici, & Ramos, 2014). As highlighted by Cardoso et al (2011), the bycatch of Magellanic penguins by this fleet is probably the main source of mortality of adults in their wintering areas.…”

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confidence: 99%

High mortality of adult female Magellanic penguins by gillnet fisheries in southern Brazil

Fogliarini

Bugoni

Haimovici

et al. 2019

Aquatic Conservation

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Bycatch in gillnet fisheries is one of the main threats to several penguin species. Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) are caught by gillnets during their wintering in southern Brazil. However, current information is based only on a small number of sets observed during a single fishing trip. This study assesses bycatch rates of bottom and drift gillnets operating in southern Brazil, and describes the sex and age classes of individuals captured. In 80 bottom gillnet sets, 33 penguins were captured (85% adults), 14 were sexed of which 13 were females. In 41 drift gillnet sets, four penguins were captured, three of which were juveniles. The mean bycatch rates, measured as number of penguins km−2 of net and number of penguins km−2 h−1, were significantly higher for the drift gillnets. Despite the lower bycatch rates, owing to the higher fishing effort in terms of number of boats, net length, net area, soak time and fishing season, the magnitude of penguin bycatch in the bottom gillnet fishery cannot be ignored. Despite based on small sample size, the predominance of adult and female Magellanic penguins as bycatch in gillnet fisheries in southern Brazil agrees with previous studies suggesting that females displace further north than males. In addition, such evidence contributes to the male‐biased sex ratio in breeding grounds, and the long‐term decline of major Patagonian colonies owing to higher female mortality during winter.

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“…However, trawl and gillnet vessels have developed a variety of métiers, i.e. a combination of target species, fishing area, gear, and time of the year 49,50 , whose operational patterns in the BMM could partially modulate MTC variation. For instance, if fishing operations of a particular métier aiming at an abundant cold-water species predominated in relation to operations of other métiers during a year, an environmentindependent MTC drop would be observed in such a year.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropicalization of demersal megafauna in the western South Atlantic since 2013

Pérez

Sant’Ana

2022

Commun Earth Environ

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Temperatures in the southwest South Atlantic Ocean have increased over recent decades due to changes in Brazil's Current dynamics affecting marine ecosystems. However, the effects of ocean warming on demersal fauna in the region are poorly understood. Here, we analyse megafauna species composition, and changes in biomass of species with warm- and cold-water affinities for 29,021 commercial demersal catches landed in the harbours of Santa Catarina state, Brazil, between 2000 and 2019. We find evidence of megafauna tropicalization in the Brazilian Meridional Margin during this period. The mean temperature of catches has increased sharply since 2013, with the averaged optimal temperature preferences of all species in commercial catches in one year increasing at a rate of 0.41 °C yr−1. These changes in the mean temperature of the catch correlate well with model-based bottom water temperatures (with 0 and 1-year time-lag) and transport volumes of the Brazil Current (with 3 and 4-year time-lag).

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Only two fisheries? Characteristics of the industrial bottom gillnet fisheries in southeastern and southern Brazil and their implications for management

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Reconstruction of Marine Commercial Landings for the Brazilian Industrial and Artisanal Fisheries From 1950 to 2015

Reconstruction of Marine Commercial Landings for the Brazilian Industrial and Artisanal Fisheries From 1950 to 2015

High mortality of adult female Magellanic penguins by gillnet fisheries in southern Brazil

Tropicalization of demersal megafauna in the western South Atlantic since 2013

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