Online Social Networking and Mental Health among Older Adults: A Scoping Review

Abstract

As the number of older adults is expected to increase exponentially within the next few decades, loneliness, social isolation, and depression among seniors are growing public health concerns. Although formal treatment options, such as therapy and medication, can be helpful for depression, they can also be expensive and sometimes ineffective. It is therefore important to consider other potential treatment options and social interventions. Alternative methods for addressing mental health issues are especially important for older adults, as they may encounter barriers associated with aging such as limited mobility and decreased social networks. In these circumstances, online social networking may offer a potential “social cure” to alleviate loneliness, social isolation, and depression. The purpose of this scoping review was to gather and summarize the current literature on associations between online social networking and mental health outcomes (e.g., depression, life satisfaction, loneliness) among older adults. An initial search of 3,699 articles resulted in 52 articles that met criteria for inclusion. Five common themes were identified: (1) enhanced communication with family and friends, (2) greater independence and self-efficacy, (3) creation of online communities, (4) positive associations with well-being and life satisfaction, and (5) decreased depressive symptoms. Implications for older adults’ mental health, social connectedness, programs and policies are discussed.

Frequency of contact with friends and relatives via internet and psychosocial factors in middle‐aged and older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Findings from the German Ageing Survey

“…In sum, this study adds to the limited knowledge regarding the frequency of contact with friends and relatives via internet and psychosocial factors based on nationally representative data. 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 …”

“… 1 Similarly, only a few studies examined the association between contact with friends and relatives via internet and depressive symptoms as well as life satisfaction. 2 Another very recent scoping review identified positive associations between online social networking and life satisfaction, an enhanced communication with relatives and friends and decreased depressive symptoms. 2 …”

“… 2 Another very recent scoping review identified positive associations between online social networking and life satisfaction, an enhanced communication with relatives and friends and decreased depressive symptoms. 2 …”

“…This regular contact via internet may also assist in maintaining old friendships and stay in contact with close relatives. 2 These (online) social contacts may ultimately contribute to increased satisfaction with life and fewer depressive symptoms. 2 …”

“… 2 These (online) social contacts may ultimately contribute to increased satisfaction with life and fewer depressive symptoms. 2 …”