One Year of COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Effect of Sedentary Behavior on Physical Activity Levels and Musculoskeletal Pain among University Students

Roggio, Federico; Trovato, Bruno; Ravalli, Silvia; Rosa, Michelino Di; Maugeri, Grazia; Bianco, Antonino; Palma, Antonio; Musumeci, Giuseppe

doi:10.3390/ijerph18168680

Cited by 54 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Among 1980 German students, 44.5% saw a decrease from pre-lockdown amounts of physical activity, while 32.8% increased the hours per week of training [ 14 ]. This same pattern was observed in Italian students, for whom physical activity was stratified by volume (high, moderate, low levels and inactivity); after one year of the pandemic, physical activity levels had dropped by 18% and 11% in high and moderate exercisers, respectively, while inactivity increased by 11% [ 15 ]. Children and adolescents, especially those living in urban environments, also showed an important decrease in physical activity levels [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Injury Characteristics among Young Adults during and Immediately after the COVID-19 Lockdown

Quintana-Cepedal

Rodríguez

Crespo

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic inherently changed people’s lifestyles. Forty-eight days of isolation led to worsening physical fitness in addition to the development of other unhealthy habits. The aim of this study was to describe sport-related injuries in the active general population. Physical therapy centres and sports medicine clinics were contacted via e-mail, seeking patients who had sustained an injury during or immediately (up to two weeks) after the lockdown. Patients who agreed to participate completed an online survey that followed the International Olympic Committee Statement. The questionnaire focused on physical exercise habits, type of injury, location and tissue affected. A total of 51 females and 67 males (30.5, SD = 8.8 years) participated in the study. Eighty percent of the participants performed aerobic training sessions, while the rest dedicated their workouts to strength training. Two in every three injuries were located in the lower limbs, and 80% affected the musculoskeletal tissue. Of all the injuries recorded, 67% occurred during the first week after lockdown. The number of aerobic exercise sessions was positively correlated with lower limb injuries (χ2 = 17.12, p < 0.05). Exercise habits should be considered when planning to return to a sport after a period of confinement to avoid injury.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Injury Characteristics among Young Adults during and Immediately after the COVID-19 Lockdown

Quintana-Cepedal

Rodríguez

Crespo

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…A growing number of studies from the COVID-19 period reported that the limitations imposed by the pandemic lockdown are associated with significant negative changes in physical activity habits [ 55 , 56 ]. Also, eating behaviours and lifestyle were affected by the lockdown, with increased consumption of unhealthy food, which may have a possible negative influence on immune response [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Perception of Physical Activity and on the Perception of Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Computer Workers: Comparative Longitudinal Study Design

Moreira

Criado

Ferreira

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Lockdown resulting from the pandemic led to a change in the health habits of the computer workers community. Sedentary work, together with less active lifestyles, aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic leads to impacts on physical activity (PA) and can contribute to the development of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS). Aim(s): Understand the effects of lockdown on the perception of physical activity levels and on the perception of frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms, over periods of 12 months and 7 days, in computer workers. Methods: Longitudinal comparative study between 2019 (M1) and 2021 (M2), over 18 months, in 40 volunteer participants. The inclusion criteria were full-time workers aged between 18 and 65 and the exclusion criteria included diagnosis of non-work-related medical conditions. In addition to a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ) was used to evaluate the MSS and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), was used to analyse the perception of the level of PA. These questionnaires were used in two assessment stages (M1 and M2). McNemar test and Wilcoxon paired test were used to evaluate the effect of lockdown on the perception of PA, and on the perception of frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms. Results: The MSS prevalence in the previous 12 months increased significantly in the neck (M1: 45.0%, M2: 62.5%, p = 0.046), in the shoulders (M1: 37.5%, M2: 55.0%, p = 0.033), and in the hands/wrists (M1: 25.0%, M2: 45.0%, p = 0.019). The mean pain score increased in the shoulders (1.43 ± 2.24, 2.35 ± 2.55, p = 0.003) and in the elbows (0.18 ± 0.59, 0.60 ± 1.34, p = 0.015). No differences were found in the PA between M1 and M2, but the weekly mean sitting time increased from 4.75 ± 2.26 to 6.26 ± 2.65 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: After 18 months it became clear that MSS perception increased mainly in the neck, shoulders and hands/wrists with a significant increase in pain intensity in the shoulder and elbow regions. The weekly sitting time increased significantly. Further studies are needed in order to determine the impact of teleworking in a pandemic context. But multifactor behind these results should be taken into account by health institutions and those responsible for the Prevention of Occupational Risks in Computer Workers in order to adopt educational strategies for the promotion of Physical activity (PA), in these workers.

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“…The current study has more patients in the age group 20-30y followed by 41-50y then 30-40y. The increased neck pain in age 20-30y might be due to COVID-19 restrictions that caused young people to limit and reduce their daily physical activities leading to musculoskeletal pain like MNP [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of autogenic and reciprocal inhibition techniques with conventional therapy in mechanical neck pain – a randomized control trial

Siddiqui

Akhter²,

Baig³

2022

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background Neck pain is a common musculoskeletal issue that has been seen as high in terms of disability. Muscle Energy Techniques (MET) are advanced soft tissue techniques to treat Mechanical Neck Pain (MNP). This study compares the Autogenic inhibition (AI) technique with the Reciprocal Inhibition (RI) technique providing conventional treatment to improve functional outcomes. Methods A randomized control trial was conducted at Sindh Institute of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Karachi, Pakistan from August 28, 2021, to December 31, 2021 among 20–50 years old patients with Moderate intensity MNP for more than 4 weeks and with limited Neck ROMs. The sample were divided randomly and allocated into two groups (groups 1 and 2). Group 1 and 2 received 12 sessions of AI and RI with Conventional therapy respectively. The randomization sheet was generated online from randomization.com for a sample size of 80 and two groups of study ‘AI’ and ‘RI’ with a ratio of 1:1 by an independent statistician. Pain (primary outcome), range of motion, and functional disability (secondary outcomes) were assessed through visual analog scale (VAS), Goniometer, and Neck disability index (NDI) at baseline, 1st, and last session respectively. Mean and standard deviation, frequency, and percentages were calculated. Chi-square test and independent t-test compare baseline characteristics. The Repeated Measure Two-Way ANOVA compared mean VAS, NDI, and ROM. The significant P-value was less than 0.05. Results The mean duration of neck pain was 8 weeks. There was a more significant (p < 0.001) improvement in pain (ES = 0.975), disability (ES = 0.887), neck ROMs; flexion (ES = 0.975), extension (ES = 0.965), right and left lateral flexion (ES = 0.949 and 0.951), and right and left rotation (ES = 0.966 and 0.975) in the AI group than the RI group at 12th session. Conclusion The Autogenic Inhibition-MET is more beneficial than Reciprocal Inhibition-MET in improving Pain, Range of Motion, and Functional Disability in patients with Sub-Acute and Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain. Therefore, it is a beneficial technique to add with conventional neck pain therapy to get better treatment outcomes in MNP patients. Trial Registration Prospectively registered on ClincalTrials.Gov with ID: NCT05044078.

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One Year of COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Effect of Sedentary Behavior on Physical Activity Levels and Musculoskeletal Pain among University Students

Cited by 54 publications

References 52 publications

Injury Characteristics among Young Adults during and Immediately after the COVID-19 Lockdown

Injury Characteristics among Young Adults during and Immediately after the COVID-19 Lockdown

The Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Perception of Physical Activity and on the Perception of Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Computer Workers: Comparative Longitudinal Study Design

Effects of autogenic and reciprocal inhibition techniques with conventional therapy in mechanical neck pain – a randomized control trial

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