One-step synthesis of mesoporous H4SiW12O40-SiO2 catalysts for the production of methyl and ethyl levulinate biodiesel

Conversion of levulinic acid into chemicals: Synthesis of biomass derived levulinate esters over Zr-containing MOFs

“…The same authors studied various pristine and desilylated protonic zeolites (Table 1, entries 17-19), but the results obtained were worse than with the UiO MOFs. Yan et al have studied the catalytic activity of another heteropolyacid supported on silica for LA esterification using a higher EtOH:LA ratio of 18:1, but the measured activity was lower than that of the Zr-MOFs (compare entry 20 with entries 3-6 in Table 1) (Yan et al, 2013). As expected, the activity of the silica support was negligible under these conditions (2% yield after 6 h).…”

Catalytic reactions of gamma-valerolactone: A platform to fuels and value-added chemicals

“…The process requires a bifunctional acid-metal catalyst. Zeolite supports are often employed for loading of metal nanoparticles due to their adjustable acidity, easy recycle, the potential economic and environmentally benign benefits [117]. Lange et al [46,118] did some pioneering works and reported that Pt-loaded on SiO 2 -bound H-ZSM-5 catalyst was the most effective catalysts from screening of ~150 catalysts in a continuous high-pressure plug-flow reactor.…”

Thermo-chemical energy assessment for production of energy-rich fuel additive compounds by using levulinic acid and immobilized lipase

“…[3,9]. Among these various chemicals, levulinic esters (levulinates) are of great importance because of their potential applications in a variety of fields such as fuel-additive, lubricants, mineral-oil refining, polymer, plastic, resin precursors, solvents, flavor, textile and diesel-blend [8][9][10].…”