We have successfully fabricated transparent conductive mesoporous indium tin oxide (TCM-ITO) films by a screen-printing method. The TCM-ITO films possess approximately 22 nm mesopores and obtain electrical conductivity up to 14.96 S/cm by adjusting the mass ratio of cubic-shaped ITO nanoparticles to ethyl cellulose (ec) and precisely controlling the annealing process. the regulation mechanism of ec and the heat-induced recrystallization process of ito nanoparticles are elaborated. the internal kinetic processes of the films based on different surface states are analysed, and an extensible impedance model is established.Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) have been studied sufficiently in recent decades. Indium tin oxide (ITO) is widely used owing to its relatively high transparency, excellent conductivity, and suitable work function 1 . TCO films with mesoscopic structures have raised much attention in optoelectronics displays 2-4 , solar cells 5,6 and sensors 7 . The combination between mesoscopic TCO and other photosensitive species can promote the separation of electrons and holes in the photosensitive materials, reduce the resistance during transmission, and effectively collect photoelectrons 8,9 . As an excellent TCO material, ITO films with mesoporous framework have raised significant attention because such a scaffold allows functionalization to obtain excellent device performance with electrochemical and photoelectrical active species 5,10 . Methods of controllable ITO mesoporous films have been realized by the sol-gel process 11 , but it yields amorphous pore walls and restricts the range of application on other mesoporous metal oxide substrates. Zhang et al. 12 obtained the precursor solution with mixing tin chloride, indium chloride, and CTAB in ethanol, and deposited mesoporous ITO films on the quartz plates by dip coating. However, the flat substrate and the fluidity of the solution limit its range of application. At the same time, Michael gross et al. 13 researched the mesoporous ITO films made by doctor blading ethanolic nanoparticles ITO dispersion. However, doctor blade method has some uncertainty and could not achieve precise control of film thickness. In view of that, a new method is needed to accurately prepare mesoporous films. Screen printing method, as a widely used method in fabricating films, could precisely control the thickness of the experimental film by adjusting various parameters. Whereas few efforts have been devoted to the systematic investigation of ITO mesoporous films manufactured by the screen printing method.Hence, we proposed a series of strategies to fabricate robust ITO mesoporous films that have high conductivity and transmittance by using a paste consisting of pre-prepared ITO nanoparticles and the screen-printing technique, and that have mesopores of approximately 22 nm, electrical conductivity up to 7.6 S/cm, and average transmittance about 90% at 500 °C. The properties of mesoporous ITO films produced by different methods are listed in Table S1. Moreover, we have elab...