One-step electrodeposition of copper on conductive 3D printed objects

Kim, Myung Jun; Cruz, Mutya A.; Ye, Shengrong; Gray, A.L.; Smith, Gabriel L.; Lazarus, Nathan; Walker, Christopher J.; Sigmarsson, Hjalti H.; Wiley, Benjamin J.

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.03.016

Cited by 65 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These losses were measured in [29], and are around 0.12 dB/mm at 10 GHz and correspond to the expected values according to the dimensions of the 3D-printed structures. As stated before, the losses can be compensated by using a superficial one-step copper electrodeposition, as was demonstrated in [44] with excellent results in terms of obtained conductivity using this same filament, even on its use with radiating elements at 30 GHz.…”

Section: Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…A third case scenario, using a lower conductivity value of σ = 750 S/m and a fourth case that uses PEC for the top plate and for the ground plane, while the via uses the low conductivity value of σ = 750 S/m. This last case was chosen in terms of the possibility of making the structure with a conductive filament, but adding to the top and bottom layers an electrodeposition process post printing, that has been demonstrated to have excellent results with this filament [44].…”

Section: Metasurface Inside a Parallel Plate Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D-Printed Sievenpiper Metasurface Using Conductive Filaments

2020

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This article presents the design, construction and measurement of different 3D-printed Sievenpiper metasurfaces. The structures were printed using a conductive filament combined with regular polylactic acid PLA. Measurement shows a good agreement on the electromagnetic behaviour of the stop-bands generated by the fully 3D-printed metasurface and the simulated ideal cases, but with higher transmission losses due to the characteristics of the conductive filament.

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Section: Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Metasurface Inside a Parallel Plate Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed Sievenpiper Metasurface Using Conductive Filaments

2020

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“…Therefore, this difference can be explained mainly due to the losses inserted by the dielectric filament and the losses introduced by the conductive filament. However, there are studies that demonstrates that this par- ticular filament is suitable for electrodeposition, which can increase the conductivity of the filament with a simple chemical process, and by consequence, compensate these losses [7]. In addition, this implementation, as-is, exhibits better performance in terms of realized gain when compared to a fully 3D-printed patch antenna using the same conductive filament [6].…”

Section: Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Study of a Fully 3D-Printed Dielectric Resonator Antenna Loaded With a Metallic Cap

et al. 2021

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This article presents a parametric study of a fully 3D-printed hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) using low loss dielectric filament and high-conductive filaments jointly with a low-cost customized dual-extruding 3D printer. The parametric study consisted in the design and evaluation of five different hemispherical DRA topologies with different internal shapes and the same overall size, in which the printing infill percentage of the DRA was reduced. A 3D-printed metallic cap was included in the antenna to compensate for the resonant frequency shift in order to maintain its original dimensions. Measurement results show that all evaluated antennas kept the same resonant frequencies and similar radiation patterns while reducing the overall weight of the topology in 22% of the nominal weight.INDEX TERMS 3D-printing, conductive filaments, dielectric resonator antennas, dielectric filaments.

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“…The paper [115] presents the research on the dependence on the effectiveness of electroplating on polymer 3D printed products. Conductive filaments available on the market, intended for 3D printing, such as Electrifi, Black Magic, and Proto-Pasta, were used for the tests.…”

Section: Electroplating Of Conductive Polymer Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the direct electroplating of polymeric materials

et al. 2021

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This work is a review of the literature on the possibilities for electroplating of polymer materials. Methods of metalizing polymers and their composites were presented and discussed. Information from various publications on the electrical properties of polymers and polymer composites was collected and discussed. The most important results on the electroplating of conductive polymers and conductive composites were presented and compared. This work especially focuses on the electrical conductivity of polymer materials. The main focus was the efficiency of metal electrodeposition. Based on the analyzed publications, it was found that electrically deposited metal layers on conductive polymeric materials show discontinuity, considerable roughness, and different layer thickness depending on the distance from the contact electrode. The use of metal nanoparticles (AgNWs) or nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) as a filler enables effective metallization of the polymer composite. Due to the high aspect ratio, it is possible to lower the percolation threshold with a low filler content in the polymer matrix. The presented review reveals many of the problems associated with the effectiveness of the electroplating methods. It indicates the need and direction for further research and development in the field of electroplating of polymer materials and modification of their electrical properties.

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One-step electrodeposition of copper on conductive 3D printed objects

Cited by 65 publications

References 39 publications

3D-Printed Sievenpiper Metasurface Using Conductive Filaments

3D-Printed Sievenpiper Metasurface Using Conductive Filaments

Parametric Study of a Fully 3D-Printed Dielectric Resonator Antenna Loaded With a Metallic Cap

A review on the direct electroplating of polymeric materials

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