One-pot quantitative hydrolysis of lignocelluloses mediated by black liquor

Synthesis of renewable diesel with the 2-methylfuran, butanal and acetone derived from lignocellulose

“…With the dwindling of fossil fuels and the increasing of social concern about environmental problems (such as CO 2 and SO 2 emission arisen from the combustion of fossil energy), the production of fuels (Corma et al, 2011a;Huber et al, 2006;Zhao and Lercher, 2012) and chemicals (Corma et al, 2007;Ji et al, 2008;Li et al, 2012a;Zhu et al, 2013) from renewable biomass has drawn a lot of attention. Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation is one of the oldest known industrial processes with a history of more than 100 years.…”

Hydrothermal processing of Kraft lignin for carboxylic acid production

“…In this case, pH value remained constant for all the conditions tested, which is consistent with the low formation of acids under an inert atmosphere, previously commented. Moreover, during the thermal hydrolysis, lignin is cracked into small aromatic compounds, but oxidation products (in particular, carbon dioxide) are not produced [49]. For these reasons, the alkaline nature of this stream was maintained.…”

The Third Generation Technology of Biorefining: Dawn

“…The oxygen from lignin may bind with a lower oxidation state first to convert the lower oxidation state to a higher oxidation state, and then transfer oxygen from the higher oxidation state to cellulose, regenerating the lower oxidation state. One of the systems was published later, reporting that the black liquor from kraft pulp could convert biomass into simple small organic acids and small molecular aromatics with good selectivity (24). Unlike alkaline hydrothermal methods that yield a mixture of products containing more than a hundred different chemicals, this reported system provides specificity for simple organic acid products.…”