One-port nonlinear electric circuit for simulating grounding systems under impulse current

Abstract

a b s t r a c tA one-port nonlinear electric circuit to simulate grounding systems behaviors under high impulse currents is presented. The circuit is based on Loboda's and Pochanke's equations, which describe nonlinear behaviors of soil ionization phenomena. One of the major features of this nonlinear circuit is the possibility to simulate both ionization regions (linear and nonlinear) as a complete grounding system, in commercial simulation software such as Pspice, WorkBench ® , ATP or EMTP. In order to determine the linear and nonlinear circuit parameters, two known impulse current curves i(t) were applied on scale models and the corresponding impulse voltages U(t) were measured. From these circuit parameters, the U(t) × i(t) experimental curves were compared with one-port simulated results and the similarities, evaluated using the Area Under Curve (AUC) method, varied in the range 92-99%. In order to compare simulations with experimental data, a field circuit was elaborated to test three experimental scale models using single rods of different lengths.

Approximate finite‐time control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with dynamic compensation

“…Moreover, conventional control methods are unable to predict the complex behavior of these systems. Nonlinear systems occur in many fields of engineering including rolling and grinding mills , ship motions , electric circuits , and in vibration absorbers for civil structures . This nonlinear behavior has led to the increased need for nonlinear feedback control approaches—specifically, to predict the closed‐loop stability of the system, when the output of the system cannot be measured or the degree of nonlinear uncertainty is unknown.…”