One of the oldest seals (Carnivora, Phocidae) from the Old World

Koretsky, Irina A.; Domning, Daryl P.

doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.787428

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Unfortunately, seal-bearing Oligocene marine deposits have not been found in the Paratethys, where geological events (maybe Alpinian and Karpathian elevation) have concealed or destroyed them. Fortuitously, the oldest known seal from the Old World to date, Afrophoca libyca (Early Miocene; Koretsky and Domning, 2014), was found in the African coast of the Mediterranean and clearly belongs to the extant subfamily Monachinae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Th e recently described Afrophoca libyca, the oldest known seal to date from the Old World, showed no accessory cusps on premolars, opposite to what is seen in Potamotherium, Lutra and Puijila darwini (Koretsky and Domning, 2014). Puijila also has a shelf-like protocone on P4 (similar to otariids) and multicusped postcanine teeth.…”

Section: Dental Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While monophyletic supporters agree about a North American origin of phocids, the fossil record does not support this claim. Fossil paleontological evidence shows a North Atlantic origin of phocids in the Paratethyan/Mediterranean regions and an east to west distribution (Koretsky and Holec, 2002;Koretsky and Barnes, 2006;Koretsky et al, 2012;Rahmat, 2013, 2015;Koretsky and Domning, 2014;Koretsky et al, 2015).…”

Section: Molecular Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is commonly recognized that most seals have both premolars and molars, these homodont cheek teeth are not usually diff erentiated by pinniped researchers, and they are simply referred to collectively as "postcanines". Th e discovery of very primitive Otariidae and Phocidae with dentitions similar to their terrestrial carnivoran ancestors' increases clarity in tooth classifi cation to determine which teeth positions are molars and which are premolars (Mitchell and Tedford, 1973;Barnes, 1979Barnes, , 1992Koretsky and Holec, 2002;Koretsky and Domning, 2014;Koretsky and Rahmat, 2015). Th erefore, we refer to seal tooth positions more precisely as molars and premolars in this survey on evolution and taxonomy.…”

Section: Dental Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Re-Evaluation of Morphological Characters Questions Current Views of Pinniped Origins

Koretsky¹,

Barnes²,

Rahmat³

2016

Vestnik Zoologii

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Re-evaluation of Morphological Characters Questions Current Views of Pinniped Origins.Koretsky, I. A., Barnes, L. G., Rahmat, S. J. -Th e origin of pinnipeds has been a contentious issue, with opposite sides debating monophyly or diphyly. Th is review uses evidence from the fossil record, combined with comparative morphology, molecular and cytogenetic investigations to evaluate the evolutionary history and phylogenetic relationships of living and fossil otarioid and phocoid pinnipeds. Molecular investigations support a monophyletic origin of pinnipeds, but disregard vital morphological data. Likewise, morphological studies support diphyly, but overlook molecular analyses. Th is review will demonstrate that a monophyletic origin of pinnipeds should not be completely accepted, as is the current ideology, and a diphyletic origin remains viable due to morphological and paleobiological analyses. Critical examination of certain characters, used by supporters of pinniped monophyly, reveals diff erent polarities, variability, or simply convergence. Th e paleontological record and our morphological analysis of important characters supports a diphyletic origin of pinnipeds, with otarioids likely arising in the North Pacifi c from large, bear-like animals and phocids arising in the North Atlantic from smaller, otter-like ancestors. Although members of both groups are known by Late Oligocene time, each developed and invaded the aquatic environment separately from their much earlier, common arctoid ancestor. Th erefore, we treat the superfamily Otarioidea as being monophyletic, including the families Enaliarctidae, Otariidae (fur seals/sea lions), Desmatophocidae, and Odobenidae (walruses and extinct relatives), and the superfamily Phocoidea as monophyletic, including only the family Phocidae, with four subfamilies (Devinophocinae, Phocinae, Monachinae, and Cystophorinae).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dental Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dental Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Re-Evaluation of Morphological Characters Questions Current Views of Pinniped Origins

Koretsky¹,

Barnes²,

Rahmat³

2016

Vestnik Zoologii

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“…Th e Ärnason et al (2006) study determined that early otarioid and otariid divergences occurred in the North Pacifi c, while phocids began in the coastal areas of the North Atlantic and then dispersed to colder environments. Th e fossil record does not support a North American origin of phocids, as paleontological evidence shows a North Atlantic origin of phocids in the Paratethyan/Mediterranean regions and an east to west distribution (Koretsky and Holec, 2002;Koretsky and Barnes, 2006;Koretsky et al, 2012;Koretsky andRahmat, 2013, 2015;Koretsky and Domning, 2014;Koretsky et al, 2015). Although molecular studies are currently accepted as the best type of analysis for classifi cation of seals, it is clear that controversy still exists and there are signifi cant diff erences in resulting phylogenetic relationships.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Mandibular Morphology of the Mid-Miocene Seal Devinophoca claytoni (Carnivora, Phocidae, Devinophocinae)

Rahmat¹,

Koretsky²

2018

Vestnik Zoologii

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During several excavations in Slovakia at the base of the Malé Karpaty Mountains (near the junction of the Morava and Danube Rivers), two skulls and numerous mandibular, dental and postcranial bones of early mid-Miocene (16.3–12.8 Ma) seals were collected. Isolated mandibles and many individual teeth were found at this locality, with some teeth in situ corresponding morphologically with the mandible and skull of Devinophoca claytoni, and others perfectly associating to the mandible and skull of the recently described Devinophoca emryi. Based on this material, two species of the previously unknown phocid subfamily Devinophocinae Koretsky et Holec, 2002 have been described. However, the mandibular morphology of the type species Devinophoca claytoni has remained unknown. Here, we present a first description of the mandible of this species. Morphological assessments reveal that the D. claytoni mandible has posterior alveoli larger than anterior; flat mandibular body low in height; alveoli of p4 larger than m1; and a unique devinophocine combination of incisors (I3/1) that differs from those in the extant subfamilies Cystophorinae (I2/1), Monachinae (I2/2) and Phocinae (I3/2).

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Feeding in Aquatic Mammals: An Evolutionary and Functional Approach

Marshall

Pyenson

2019

Feeding in Vertebrates

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One of the oldest seals (Carnivora, Phocidae) from the Old World

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

Re-Evaluation of Morphological Characters Questions Current Views of Pinniped Origins

Re-Evaluation of Morphological Characters Questions Current Views of Pinniped Origins

Mandibular Morphology of the Mid-Miocene Seal Devinophoca claytoni (Carnivora, Phocidae, Devinophocinae)

Feeding in Aquatic Mammals: An Evolutionary and Functional Approach

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