ONE Health Approach to Address Zoonotic Brucellosis: A Spatiotemporal Associations Study Between Animals and Humans

Abstract

Background: Brucellosis is one of the most significant zoonosis over the world, threatening both veterinary and human public health. However, few studies were focused on nationwide animal brucellosis and made association with human brucellosis. Methodology and Principal Findings: We conducted a bilingual literature search on Brucella or brucellosis in China on the two largest databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed) and conducted a systematic review. A total of 1,383 Chinese and 81 English publications, published between 1958 and 2018 were identified. From them, 357 publications presenting 692 datasets were subjected to the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence rate is 1.70% (95% CI: 1.66–1.74), with a declining (until the late 1990s) and rising trend (starting the early 2000s). Interestingly, the animal with highest prevalence rate is canine (8.35%, 95% CI: 7.21–9.50), and lowest in cattle (1.22%, 95% CI: 1.17–1.28). The prevalence of Brucella in animals was unequally distributed among the 24 examined regions in China. Conclusions: Brucellosis is a reemerging disease for both humans and animals in China. The observed data suggests that dogs and yaks are the leading reservoirs for Brucella , and the provinces with highest prevalence rates in animals are Hubei, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia, Fujian, and Guizhou. Accordingly targeted intervention policy should be implemented to break the Brucella transmission chain between animals and humans in China.

Safety and Transcriptome Analysis of Live Attenuated Brucella Vaccine Strain S2 on Non-pregnant Cynomolgus Monkeys Without Abortive Effect on Pregnant Cynomolgus Monkeys

“…The authors concluded that numerous animal reservoirs were a potential reason for the continuous circulation of the brucellosis in the examined countries, while the B. abortus strains were dominated in these countries and spreading within the national borders (23). In addition, using descriptive analysis and meta-analysis approaches, Zhou et al reported very recently that dogs and yaks were the leading reservoirs and emerging hosts for Brucella transmission in China (24). Meanwhile, the authors inferred that humans probably get infected along with different kinds of animal species, among which the sheep and goats were likely at the highest risks (24).…”

“…In addition, using descriptive analysis and meta-analysis approaches, Zhou et al reported very recently that dogs and yaks were the leading reservoirs and emerging hosts for Brucella transmission in China ( 24 ). Meanwhile, the authors inferred that humans probably get infected along with different kinds of animal species, among which the sheep and goats were likely at the highest risks ( 24 ). The aforementioned studies, as well as the ligatures, e.g., a recent report from our collaborators ( 25 ), consistently demonstrated the significance of the One Health concept and recommended implementing it to disrupt the Brucella transmission chain between animals and humans, as well as to strengthen the close collaboration between the local and public partnerships.…”

Brucella abortus BspJ Is a Nucleomodulin That Inhibits Macrophage Apoptosis and Promotes Intracellular Survival of Brucella

“…Brucella infects animals and human beings and causes Brucellosis ( Atluri et al, 2011 ), a major zoonotic disease endemic in more than 170 countries and regions of the world ( Avilacalderon et al, 2013 ). Brucellosis is classified as an important reemerging disease of humans and animals in China ( Zhou et al, 2020 ), where it has shown an upward trend in recent years ( Zheng et al, 2018 ). At present, Brucellosis has been reported in many mammals ( Moreno, 2014 ); except for some antibiotics and corticosteroids, there is no effective specificity treatment for the human brucellosis.…”

Recent Trends in Human Brucellosis in the West Bank, Palestine

“…Brucellosis, also known as Malta fever, undulant fever, and Mediterranean fever, is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases worldwide. It is caused by a group of gram-negative bacteria of the genus Brucella [1] and transmitted to humans by direct ingestion of row animal products such as unpasteurized milk or contaminated dairy products, undercooked meat from infected animals, or contact with their secretions [1,2].…”