“…The system could obtain a detection limit of 0.2 nM with a RSD% = 6 with when applied to detect the PCR amplified samples. Wen et al (2007) and Yang et al (2009) developed a label-free microfluidic DNA hybridization assay using cationic fluorescent water-soluble polymer and avidinagarose beads for detecting DNA/mRNA. The fluorescent polymer served as the fluorescent polymeric transducer.…”
Section: Bead-based Dna Hybridization Assaysmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These labels can be fluorescent, chemiluminescent or other functionalized modified molecules which can release optical signals to indicate the hybiridization event (Ramsay 1998;Kwakye and Baeumner 2003). Liposomes (Esch et al 2001), magnetic beads (Berti et al 2009;Wen et al 2007;Zhang et al 2008;Edelstein et al 2000) and gold particles (Taton et al 2000;Park et al 2002;Cao et al 2002) have also been used as labels.…”
DNA hybridization is one of the most powerful techniques applied in diagnostic assays. Microfluidics provides a promising means to analyse small sample volumes, reduce reagent consumption and cost, shorten processing time as well as develop fast, sensitive and portable diagnostic tools. By coupling with the microfluidic technology, DNA hybridization assay can achieve high sensitivity, enhance hybridization kinetics and decrease the non-specific target-probe binding. The microfluidic-based DNA hybridization technology has a great potential for developing low-cost, rapid, automatic and point-of-care diagnostic devices. In this article, we provide an overview and summarize the recent advances on the merging of microfluidics to DNA hybridization assays. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods are discussed. Potential improvements required for these technologies are proposed as well.
“…The system could obtain a detection limit of 0.2 nM with a RSD% = 6 with when applied to detect the PCR amplified samples. Wen et al (2007) and Yang et al (2009) developed a label-free microfluidic DNA hybridization assay using cationic fluorescent water-soluble polymer and avidinagarose beads for detecting DNA/mRNA. The fluorescent polymer served as the fluorescent polymeric transducer.…”
Section: Bead-based Dna Hybridization Assaysmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These labels can be fluorescent, chemiluminescent or other functionalized modified molecules which can release optical signals to indicate the hybiridization event (Ramsay 1998;Kwakye and Baeumner 2003). Liposomes (Esch et al 2001), magnetic beads (Berti et al 2009;Wen et al 2007;Zhang et al 2008;Edelstein et al 2000) and gold particles (Taton et al 2000;Park et al 2002;Cao et al 2002) have also been used as labels.…”
DNA hybridization is one of the most powerful techniques applied in diagnostic assays. Microfluidics provides a promising means to analyse small sample volumes, reduce reagent consumption and cost, shorten processing time as well as develop fast, sensitive and portable diagnostic tools. By coupling with the microfluidic technology, DNA hybridization assay can achieve high sensitivity, enhance hybridization kinetics and decrease the non-specific target-probe binding. The microfluidic-based DNA hybridization technology has a great potential for developing low-cost, rapid, automatic and point-of-care diagnostic devices. In this article, we provide an overview and summarize the recent advances on the merging of microfluidics to DNA hybridization assays. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods are discussed. Potential improvements required for these technologies are proposed as well.
“…With miniaturized beads in channels, the detection spotting region is also much narrowed and real time monitoring can be easily performed. In addition, a bead-based system can be implemented in an array format with beads physically separated from each other for multiple detections (Sato et al 2002;Wen et al 2007;Yang et al 2009;Zhang et al 2007;Zhang et al 2008). However, the conventional way to make bead-based detections needs to prepare beads offline followed by loading them into the desired microfluidic channels and/or microwells (Lim and Zhang 2007).…”
An integrated microfluidic device was fabricated to enable on-chip droplet forming, trapping, fusing, shrinking, reaction and producing functional microbeads for a flow-through single bead-based molecule detection. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) force was used to transport target polymer droplets into different predefined microwells, where the droplets were fused through electrocoalescence to form a new one with a desired diameter. In a continuous water loss process with water diffusion to oil phase, the polymer droplet was shrunken and solidified to form a polymer microbead. For a demonstration, Au nanoparticles-coated chitosan microbeads were in situ fabricated through droplet trapping, fusion and shrinking, followed by synthesis of Au nanoparticles on the microbead surface via a photoreduction process. The produced Au nanoparticle/ chitosan microbead embedded in the microwell resulted in a highly sensitive, flow-through surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of Rhodamine 6G (R6G). This work successfully demonstrates an integrated droplet based lab-on-a chip and its application to fabricate an extremely high-throughput single bead based detection platform.
“…1 Recently, systems have been reported measuring multiple mRNA expressions or identifying specific biomarkers. 2 However, these systems performed only the detection stage of the on-chip process. Microfluidics has also been utilised for on-chip extraction of viral RNA in blood 12 and for bacterial RNA extraction, 13 but the RNA expression was not benchmarked against traditional processes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1 Many diseases have been associated with gene expression variations, indicating that RNA expression profiles offer new insights into diseases processes and the underlying fundamental molecular biology. 2 Similarly, bacterial transcriptomics has aided in the further understanding of antibiotic resistance [3][4][5] and host-pathogen interactions, [6][7][8] as well as the identification of novel drug targets. [9][10][11] The main challenges remain, however, the isolation of low abundance bacteria and removal of inhibitors.…”
Bacterial transcriptomics is widely used to investigate gene regulation, bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics, host-pathogen interactions, and pathogenesis. Transcriptomics is crucially dependent on suitable methods to isolate and detect bacterial RNA. Microfluidics offer ways of creating integrated point-of-care systems, analysing a sample from preparation, and RNA isolation to detection. A critical requirement for on-chip diagnostics to deliver on their promise is that mRNA expression is not altered via microfluidic sample processing. This article investigates the impact of the use of microfluidics upon RNA expression of bacteria isolated from blood, a key step towards proving the suitability of such systems for further development.
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