One‐Dimensional Carbon Nanotube/SnO₂/Noble Metal Nanoparticle Hybrid Nanostructure: Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemical Sensing

Abstract

Herein we report a facile and efficient method for self-assembling noble-metal nanoparticles (NPs) to the surface of SnO(2)-coated carbon nanotubes (CNT@SnO(2)) to construct CNT@SnO(2)/noble metal NP hybrids. By using SnCl(4) as the precursor of the SnO(2) shell on the surface of CNTs, the hydrolysis speed of SnCl(4) was slowed down in ethanol containing a trace amount of urea and water. The coaxial nanostructure of CNT@SnO(2) was confirmed by using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the coating layer of SnO(2) was homogeneous with the mean thickness of 8 nm. The CNT@SnO(2)/noble-metal NP hybrids were obtained by mixing noble-metal NPs with as-prepared CNT@SnO(2) coaxial nanocables by means of a self-assembly strategy. With the amino group terminated, the CNT@SnO(2) coaxial nanocable can readily adsorb the as-prepared noble-metal NPs (Au, Ag, Au-Pt, and Au-Pd NPs). The presence of an amino group at the surface of SnO(2) was proved by use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In addition, H(2)O(2) sensing by amperometric methods could serve as detection models for investigating the electrocatalytic ability of as-prepared hybrid materials. It was found that wide linear ranges and low detection limits were obtained by using the enzyme-free CNT@SnO(2)@Au-Pt modified electrode, which indicated the potential utilizations of the hybrid based on CNT@SnO(2) for electrochemical sensing.

Environmentally benign fabrication of SnO2-CNT nanohybrids and their multifunctional efficiency as an adsorbent, catalyst and antimicrobial agent for water decontamination

“…21-1250) possessing space group P4 2 /mnm (136), lattice parameters a = 4.738 Å and c = 3.188 Å. Comparing with the XRD pattern of pristine CNT, the distinct reflection peak of (002) facet of hexagonal graphitized carbon seemed to be overlapping with (110) facet of SnO 2 44 . The decrease in FWHM values of the diffraction peaks after carbonization indicated the increase in crystallinity of the sample 45 .…”

Novel UIO-66-NO2@XC-72 nanohybrid as an electrode material for simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid

“…24,30 Moreover, nano-scale MOFs have more potential applications because they exhibit much higher surface areas, uniform sizes, well-dened functionality, and stable dispersions. 31,32 However, numerous of synthesized MOFs are ascribed to the micron-sized materials, resulting in the weakened adhesion properties between MOFs and glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Furthermore, plenty of MOFs belong to poor electrical conductors.…”

Nonenzymatic H2O2 Electrochemical Sensor Based on SnO2‐NPs Coated Polyethylenimine Functionalized Graphene

“…Nonenzymatic artificial biosensors are being mushroomed over the past several decades. Commonly, various noble metal nanomaterials with electrocatalytic activity, including Ag , Au , Pt , , and Pd nanoparticles, have been studied as alternative of enzymes to construct sensitive hydrogen peroxide sensors. In order to reduce the cost of H 2 O 2 detection in practical application, a series of metal oxides or alloy of metal oxides such as iron oxides, tin oxide (SnO 2 ) , zinc oxide , nickel oxide and manganese dioxide have been used in the synthesis of new nanocomposite catalysts .…”