Oncostatic treatment effect of triple negative breast cancer cell line with copper (I)‐nicotinate complex

Abstract

The treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a major challenge. The present study aimed to throw more light on the role of copper (I)-nicotinate complex (CNC) as an antitumor as well as a proapoptotic agent. In this study, the HCC-1806 cell line was used as a model for TNBC. Cell cycle, apoptosis assay, and programmed cell death protein-1 were investigated by flowcytometry. Besides, the comet assay was performed using a fluorescence microscope. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique was used for the detection of phospho-Chk1 at ser 317 and caspase-3. Moreover, the gene expression of survivin was identified by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Finally, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was calorimetrically assayed. The viability of HCC-1806 cells treated with CNC was decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The tendency for apoptotic machinery was observed through the increase in the sub G0 peak, the percentage of early and late apoptotic phases, and the elevation in caspase-3 levels associated with a downregulation of the survivin gene expression. The antioxidant property of the complex, reflected by elevated SOD activity, may contribute to mediate the cell death pathways. Low concentrations of CNC were found to favor the apoptotis-mediated mechanism. However, one cannot neglect the abundance of cell necrosis-mediated death of cells via CNC, especially at higher concentrations.

Prodigiosin/PU-H71 as a novel potential combined therapy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC): preclinical insights

“…Recently, Different molecular studies have allowed for the emergence of targeted therapies 48 , whereas others have evolved to explain mechanisms of resistance [49][50][51][52][53] . Several signalling pathways and biomarkers have been shown to be implicated in TNBC progression such as BAX/BCL2, HSP90α, EGFR, VEGF, survivin, CDK1, caspases, mTOR, and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK 22,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] . MDA-MB-231 cells are the typical cell line used in cancer research as a tool to explore the mechanisms of numerous diseases, and identify new therapeutic targets 61 .…”

“…Caspase 3 (and its cleavage CC3) is the central member of the caspase family, which is cleaved into 29-and 85-kDa fragments by PARP-1 during the early stages of apoptosis, mediating tumour repopulation in apoptotic tumour cells 103 . Recent studies have revealed the close association of caspase 3 expression and breast cancer where a disease with lower or absent apoptosis index has a bad prognosis 55,103 . The caspase 3/9 activation was associated with inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, as well as increased BAX protein expression in prostate cancer 31,104 .…”

“…Survivin is an exciting tumour biomarker and a potential therapeutic target that is highly expressed in TNBC cell lines. It is linked to disease aggressiveness, clinical progression, and treatment resistance 55 , 79 – 82 . With respect to the transcription analysis, prodigiosin alone and its combination with PU-H71 did not change the survivin transcription level, opposing to PU-H71 alone that increased its levels.…”

Ziziphus spina‐christi (L.) fortified with Camellia sinensis mediates apoptosis, Notch‐1 signaling, and mitigates obesity‐induced non‐alcoholic fatty liver

“…Real‐time was performed using the BeyoRT™ II First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology) and then qPCR was performed using the Light‑Cycler 480 System (Roche Diagnostics), with SYBR Green reagent (Takara Biotechnology, Co., Ltd.). The amplification reactions were according to the following thermal cycling conditions: 95℃ for 10 min, 40 cycles of 95˚C for 15 s, and 60˚C for 30 s. The quantification was expressed as the ratio of target genes to GAPDH mRNA using the 2 −ΔΔCq method (Abdel‐Mohsen et al., 2017; Abdel‐Mohsen et al, 2019a, 2019b). reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) was accomplished by the following primers:…”

Fortification of biscuit with sidr leaf and flaxseed mitigates immunosuppression and nephrotoxicity induced by cyclosporine A

“…Excessive apoptosis in tubular epithelial cells results in tubular atrophy and loss of functional mass (El‐Shafey & Elsherbiny, 2020). CsA induces apoptosis through activation of caspase‐9, caspase‐3, and Fas‐tumor necrosis factor receptor 1‐mediated pathway, leading to the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and apoptotic cell death (Abdel‐Mohsen, Toson, et al., 2019). Co‐administration of SL and FS attenuated the increase of apoptotic cells, suggesting their antiapoptotic role.…”