Oncolytic Virus‐Driven Biotherapies from Bench to Bedside

Abstract

With advances in cancer biology and an ever‐deepening understanding of molecular virology, oncolytic virus (OV)‐driven therapies have developed rapidly and become a promising alternative to traditional cancer therapies. In recent years, satisfactory results for oncolytic virus therapy (OVT) are achieved at both the cellular and organismal levels, and efforts are being increasingly directed toward clinical trials. Unfortunately, OVT remains ineffective in these trials, especially when performed using only a single OV reagent. In contrast, integrated approaches, such as using immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy, alongside OVT have demonstrated considerable efficacy. The challenges of OVT in clinical efficacy include the restricted scope of intratumoral injections and poor targeting of intravenous administration. Further optimization of OVT delivery is needed before OVs become a viable therapy for tumor treatment. In this review, the development process and antitumor mechanisms of OVs are introduced. The advances in OVT delivery routes to provide perspectives and directions for the improvement of OVT delivery are highlighted. This review also discusses the advantages and limitations of OVT monotherapy and combination therapy through the lens of recent clinical trials and aims to chart a course toward safer and more effective OVT strategies.

Boosting Aluminum Storage in Highly Stable Covalent Organic Frameworks with Abundant Accessible Carbonyl Groups

“…Furthermore, DAQ‐TpO COF and DAQ‐TpO/CNT display hierarchical macro‐microporous features, with BET surface areas of 398.9 and 308.3 m 2 g −1 , respectively (Figure S5, Supporting Information). [ 19 ] The slightly larger pore size of the DAQ‐TpO/CNT (1.25 nm) compared to DAQ‐TpO COF (1.1 nm) suggests the inherent permanent and ample porosity of COF materials. This porosity is expected to facilitate straightforward ion diffusion, crucial for enabling concentrated mobile charge carriers to access potential redox‐active sites.…”

Oncolytic Virus Engineering and Utilizations: Cancer Immunotherapy Perspective

“…Also, non-genetic approaches such as coating the viruses with polymers are able to evade the physical and blood barriers during circulation. At this time, there is more anticipation to improve the potency of the OVs in clinical trials that give further insights into the future in oncolytic virotherapy [ 127 , 155 , 170 , 171 ].…”

Covalent Organic Framework‐derived Composite Membranes for Water Treatment

“…Wang and co-workers have prepared a flexible COF composite membrane by in-situ growth of iminelinked COF nanoplates on the surface of an amine-functionalized PAN nanofiber scaffold. [91] The vertical alignment of the COF nanoplates enhanced the accessibility to their inner surface, while the hierarchical structure of the membrane from nanometer to micrometer scale promoted efficient mass transport. The application of the COF composite membrane in the removal of ofloxacin resulted in an outstanding absorption capacity of �236 mg g À 1 and removal efficiency of 98 %.…”

“…COF composite membranes have been successfully applied for the removal of these trace organic pollutants from water. Wang and co‐workers have prepared a flexible COF composite membrane by in‐situ growth of imine‐linked COF nanoplates on the surface of an amine‐functionalized PAN nanofiber scaffold [91] . The vertical alignment of the COF nanoplates enhanced the accessibility to their inner surface, while the hierarchical structure of the membrane from nanometer to micrometer scale promoted efficient mass transport.…”