On the temporal increase of anthropogenic CO2 in the subpolar North Atlantic

Friis, Karsten; Körtzinger, Arne; Pätsch, Johannes; Wallace, Douglas W.R.

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2004.11.017

Cited by 120 publications

(258 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The change in anthropogenic carbon between the 1991 and 2010 surveys was also calculated using extended Multiple Linear Regression, eMLR, as described by Friis et al (2005) and Tanhua et al (2007). Here, C T was fit with an MLR as a function of common hydrochemical parameters that influence its distribution.…”

Section: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (C T ) and Total Alkalinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic carbon and pH levels in the Rockall Trough 1991–2010

McGrath

Kivimäe

Tanhua

et al. 2012

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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Section: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (C T ) and Total Alkalinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic carbon and pH levels in the Rockall Trough 1991–2010

McGrath

Kivimäe

Tanhua

et al. 2012

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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“…One particularly important method, the ⌬C* method (5), is the basis for a ground-breaking estimate of the global distribution of C ant (10). Although this method utilizes carbon data, it shares similarities with proxy-based estimates based on CFCs (11,12). The effects of required assumptions and error sources for the ⌬C* method have been critically examined (13) by using an ocean carbon model, identifying a significant positive bias in young waters and a small negative bias in older waters.…”

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confidence: 99%

An estimate of anthropogenic CO ₂ inventory from decadal changes in oceanic carbon content

Tanhua

Körtzinger

Friis

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

102

110

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Increased knowledge of the present global carbon cycle is important for our ability to understand and to predict the future carbon cycle and global climate. Approximately half of the anthropogenic carbon released to the atmosphere from fossil fuel burning is stored in the ocean, although distribution and regional fluxes of the ocean sink are debated. Estimates of anthropogenic carbon (Cant) in the oceans remain prone to error arising from (i) a need to estimate preindustrial reference concentrations of carbon for different oceanic regions, and (ii) differing behavior of transient ocean tracers used to infer Cant. We introduce an empirical approach to estimate Cant that circumvents both problems by using measurement of the decadal change of ocean carbon concentrations and the exponential nature of the atmospheric Cant increase. In contrast to prior approaches, the results are independent of tracer data but are shown to be qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with tracer-derived estimates. The approach reveals more Cant in the deep ocean than prior studies; with possible implications for future carbon uptake and deep ocean carbonate dissolution. Our results suggest that this approachs applied on the unprecedented global data archive provides a means of estimating the Cant for large parts of the world's ocean.anthropogenic carbon ͉ marine chemistry ͉ North Atlantic

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“…This spans many of the WOCE transects and all of the CLIVAR transects. The development of a new method for incorporating this dynamical information into the eMLR-type [Friis et al, 2005] detection methods is currently being pursued as a separate project, building on the implications of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore satellite-derived SSH data products should help deconvolve the anthropogenic and natural variability components of the measured DIC changes. Specifically, including dynamical information can complement detection algorithms of the type presented in the studies of Friis et al [2005] and Levine et al [2008] and help to reduce uncertainty. Additionally it will be important to explicitly test the extent to which the effects of eddies on tracers through layer convergence/divergence correspond to changes in SSH as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study makes combined use of both ocean measurements and model simulations using threedimensional models. From the framework of detection, a characterization and mechanistic understanding of the background ''noise'' of natural variability has been suggested [Levine et al, 2008] as an important step in reducing the potential uncertainty of empirical multivariate linear regression methods (such as the now widely used the extended multiple linear regression (eMLR) method of Friis et al [2005]). As such, our method is intended to be complementary to such databased detection methods, and to highlight the ways in which the uncertainties in such methods may be reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using altimetry to help explain patchy changes in hydrographic carbon measurements

et al. 2009

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[1] Here we use observations and ocean models to identify mechanisms driving large seasonal to interannual variations in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved oxygen (O 2 ) in the upper ocean. We begin with observations linking variations in upper ocean DIC and O 2 inventories with changes in the physical state of the ocean. Models are subsequently used to address the extent to which the relationships derived from short-timescale (6 months to 2 years) repeat measurements are representative of variations over larger spatial and temporal scales. The main new result is that convergence and divergence (column stretching) attributed to baroclinic Rossby waves can make a first-order contribution to DIC and O 2 variability in the upper ocean. This results in a close correspondence between natural variations in DIC and O 2 column inventory variations and sea surface height (SSH) variations over much of the ocean. Oceanic Rossby wave activity is an intrinsic part of the natural variability in the climate system and is elevated even in the absence of significant interannual variability in climate mode indices. The close correspondence between SSH and both DIC and O 2 column inventories for many regions suggests that SSH changes (inferred from satellite altimetry) may prove useful in reducing uncertainty in separating natural and anthropogenic DIC signals (using measurements from Climate Variability and Predictability's CO 2 /Repeat Hydrography program).

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On the temporal increase of anthropogenic CO2 in the subpolar North Atlantic

Cited by 120 publications

References 36 publications

Inorganic carbon and pH levels in the Rockall Trough 1991–2010

Inorganic carbon and pH levels in the Rockall Trough 1991–2010

An estimate of anthropogenic CO ₂ inventory from decadal changes in oceanic carbon content

Using altimetry to help explain patchy changes in hydrographic carbon measurements

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On the temporal increase of anthropogenic CO2 in the subpolar North Atlantic

Cited by 120 publications

References 36 publications

Inorganic carbon and pH levels in the Rockall Trough 1991–2010

Inorganic carbon and pH levels in the Rockall Trough 1991–2010

An estimate of anthropogenic CO 2 inventory from decadal changes in oceanic carbon content

Using altimetry to help explain patchy changes in hydrographic carbon measurements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

An estimate of anthropogenic CO ₂ inventory from decadal changes in oceanic carbon content