On the simulation of austenite to bainite phase transformation

The Numerical Analysis of the Phenomena of Superficial Hardening of the Hot-Work Tool Steel Elements / Analiza Numeryczna Zjawisk Przypowierzchniowego Hartowania Elementów Ze Stali Narzędziowej Do Pracy Na Gorąco

“…In the simulation on the mechanical phenomena the Young′s and tangent modulus (e and E t ) were dependent on temperature, whereas the yields stress (Y 0 ) was dependent on temperature and phase composition. Assumed, that Young′s and tangent modulus are equal 2×10 5 and 4×10 3 MPa (E t =0.05E), yield points 150, 500, 1200 and 300 MPa for austenite, bainite, martensite and pearlite, respectively, in the temperature 300 k. in the temperature of solidus Young′s modulus and tangent modulus equalled 100 and 10 MPa, respectively, whereas yield points equalled 5 MPa. The discrete values of thermophysical properties depends on the temperature [3,13] were include by using the approximation with square spline functions (Fig.…”

“…As a result of the complexity of phenomenon of heat treatment process, there are many mathematical and numerical difficulties in its modelling. For this reason there hasn't a model which includes phenomenon accompanying heat treatment and hardening of hot-work tool steel [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

The numerical model prediction of phase components and stresses distributions in hardened tool steel for cold work

“…They most often focus on analysing phase transformations during cooling and disregard stresses that are generated in this process. Transformation plasticity occurring in heat treatment (in particular during hardening) are also frequently ignored [28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Micromechanical modeling of bainitic phase transformation

“…In the literature there are several models describing the bainitic phase transformation phenomenologically, e.g. in [1,2,4]. The phenomenological effects are results of a change in the microstructure of the material.…”