On-the-road measurements of automotive emissions

Schürmann, D.; Staab, Joachim

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(90)90103-2

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Different studies have shown that when testing standard cycles on a dynamometer, the results are not representative of actual traffic dynamic conditions (Schurman and Staab 1990, Vlieger 1997, Kirchstetter et al 1999. This has been proved by the weak agreement between the results obtained from a dynamometer and on-road urban cycles (André andHammarström 2000, Joumard et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for the analysis of pollutant emissions from a city bus

Armas¹,

Lapuerta²,

Mata³

2012

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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In this work a methodology is proposed for measurement and analysis of gaseous emissions and particle size distributions emitted by a diesel city bus during its typical operation under urban driving conditions. As test circuit, a passenger transportation line at a Spanish city was used. Different ways for data processing and representation were studied and, derived from this work, a new approach is proposed. The methodology was useful to detect the most important uncertainties arising during registration and processing of data derived from a measurement campaign devoted to determine the main pollutant emissions. A HORIBA OBS-1300 gas analyzer and a TSI engine exhaust particle spectrometer were used with 1 Hz frequency data recording. The methodology proposed allows for the comparison of results (in mean values) derived from the analysis of either complete cycles or specific categories (or sequences). The analysis by categories is demonstrated to be a robust and helpful tool to isolate the effect of the main vehicle parameters (relative fuel–air ratio and velocity) on pollutant emissions. It was shown that acceleration sequences have the highest contribution to the total emissions, whereas deceleration sequences have the least.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for the analysis of pollutant emissions from a city bus

Armas¹,

Lapuerta²,

Mata³

2012

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…That is because measurement and evaluation of the parameters which characterize automobile energy expenditure and exhaust emissions are traditionally performed as standardized procedures in an emission laboratory, the vehicle running on rollers in a chassis dynamometer. Studies from real traffic using on board measurement apparatus have been made at VW [2,3], at the Belgian research institute VlTO [4] and at GM, Michigan [10]. Warren Spring Laboratory in England used a proportional sampler in combination with a mini-CVS [11,12] Fuel flow metering -Fuel volume flows were registered by a Pierburg PLU 116H flow meter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence Of Roof-Rack, Trailer Etc On Automobile Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Emissions, Measured On-The-Road

Lenner

1998

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…Nevertheless, the availability of this data has led to widespread use of these laboratory results to predict real-world pollutant levels using emission factor models such as EMFAC (California Air Resources Board) and MOBILE (U.S. EPA). Recent ®eld studies of actual emissions via tunnel studies (Pierson et al, 1990;McLaren et al, 1996), roadside point sampling, across-the-road remote sensing (Lawson et al, 1990;Bishop et al, 1993;Stephens, 1994;Stedman, 1996;Woods, 1996;Zhang et al, 1996), and instrumented vehicles (Schurmann and Staab, 1990;Kelly and Groblicki, 1993;Guenther et al, 1996) have noted the inadequacies of using laboratory data to estimate real-world pollutant levels. These inadequacies are generally attributed to factors such as the limitations of the test driving cycle, vehicle tampering, poor vehicle maintenance, and the high frequency of`o -cycle' driving events under actual driving conditions (Black, 1991;Ross, 1994).…”

Section: Quantifying Real-world Automobile Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While more recent research has focused on correlating driving mode with emissions (Hansen et al, 1995;Jensen, 1995;Joumard et al, 1995;Sjodin and Lenner, 1995;Barth et al, 1997;Washington et al, 1997;Young et al, 1997), emissions were usually estimated from emission models rather than measured directly in the ®eld. The few studies that have used on-board gas analyzers (Schurmann and Staab, 1990;Kelly and Groblicki, 1993;Guenther et al, 1996) demonstrated the capabilities of these instruments to measure second-by-second emission levels to aid in repair of malfunctioning emission systems, but made no e ort to correlate driving style and emission levels.…”

Section: Quantifying Real-world Automobile Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the effects of driver variability on real-world vehicle emissions

Holmén

Niemeier

1998

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

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AbstractÐRecent studies on real-world automobile emissions measurements have not adequately addressed the question of whether driving style a ects emission levels. In this study, we hypothesized that given the same experimental conditions and a random selection of drivers, the variability associated with individual driving styles (e.g. intensity or duration of acceleration events) would produce statistically signi®cant di erences in measured emissions. To test this driver variability hypothesis, we conducted a ®eld study on 24 drivers in a single vehicle on a speci®ed route under low tra c conditions using on-board exhaust emission and engine operating data analyzers and tested for statistically signi®cant di erences in CO and NOx emissions between drivers. Our data show signi®cant (95% level) variations in carbon monoxide (CO) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions among the 24 drivers under driving conditions where we have controlled for driving route, tra c density and vehicle type. Since the ANOVA tests showed signi®cant di erences in emissions between drivers but the frequency of driving modes were very similar, this suggests that the intensity of vehicle operation within a give mode, not the modal frequency, explains the emissions variability between drivers. #

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On-the-road measurements of automotive emissions

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Methodology for the analysis of pollutant emissions from a city bus

Methodology for the analysis of pollutant emissions from a city bus

Influence Of Roof-Rack, Trailer Etc On Automobile Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Emissions, Measured On-The-Road

Characterizing the effects of driver variability on real-world vehicle emissions

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