On the repeatability of friction and wear results and on the influence of humidity in oscillating sliding tests of steel-steel pairings

Klaffke, D.

doi:10.1016/0043-1648(95)06672-1

Cited by 48 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Oxidation is an important mechanism in bearing steel tests as well. Severe wear was found in pin-on-disk tests below 15% RH and the lowest amount of wear was seen near 100% RH [30]. Similarly, fretting tests on bearing steel showed lower friction and wear and less material transfer as RH increased [31].…”

Section: Environmental Effect On Friction and Wear Of Metalsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Vapors in the ambient—A complication in tribological studies or an engineering solution of tribological problems?

et al. 2015

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Tribology involves not only two-body contacts of two solid materials-a substrate and a counter-surface; it often involves three-body contacts whether the third body is intentionally introduced or inevitably added during the sliding or rubbing. The intentionally added third body could be lubricant oil or engineered nanomaterial used to mitigate the friction and wear of the sliding contact. The inevitably added third body could be wear debris created from the substrate or the counter surface during sliding. Even in the absence of any solid third-body between the sliding surfaces, molecular adsorption of water or organic vapors from the surrounding environment can dramatically alter the friction and wear behavior of solid surfaces tested in the absence of lubricant oils. This review article covers the last case: the effects of molecular adsorption on sliding solid surfaces both inevitably occurring due to the ambient test and intentionally introduced as a solution for engineering problems. We will review how adsorbed molecules can change the course of wear and friction, as well as the mechanical and chemical behavior, of a wide range of materials under sliding conditions.

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Section: Environmental Effect On Friction and Wear Of Metalsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Vapors in the ambient—A complication in tribological studies or an engineering solution of tribological problems?

et al. 2015

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“…A variation of 10-15% or even higher on coefficients of friction is often observed [26]. Klaffke [27] found for steel/steel couples in dry sliding at 10 N a scatter of ±6.3% on friction and ±30% on wear rates. The statistical repeatability for polymer tests is different due to visco-elastic deformation at macro and micro asperity levels: it results in higher variation in friction but it reduces variations in wear rates possibly due to a redistribution of local contact stresses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

On the Repeatability of Friction and Wear Tests for Polyimides in a Hertzian Line Contact

2007

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Tribological properties for polymers are mainly experimentally determined, while few standards are available and variation in data is often large. Polyimide is slid against steel on a cylinder-on-plate tribotester at 50-200 N and 0.3 m/s. There is a statistical variation of ±7% on dynamic friction, ±10% on static friction, ±8% on wear rates from weight loss and ±12% from wear rates from dimensional measurements, or even higher at high normal loads. Different parameters influencing statistical repeatability are discussed. Friction for polymers shows higher variation and wear rates show lower variation than steel/ steel pairs due to visco-elastic deformation that has a contribution to friction but reduces stress concentrations. It is experimentally verified that the visco-elastic deformation of polymers in line contact is higher than calculated from theoretical models. The role of recoverable and permanent deformation is verified and there is a difference in deformation at 50-100 N and 150-200 N revealed from static loading tests, creep tests and wear measurements. The limit between running-in and steady-state coincides with the stabilization in contact pressures after 250 μm diameter reduction. Besides test rig design, a variation in counterface roughness seems the second most important influence.

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“…It is well known that the tribological behaviour depends significantly on various parameters of the test and environmental conditions [1]. The tribological characterization of a material for room temperature applications has to take into account possible effects of relative humidity [2][3][4][5] and of counter body material [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological Behaviour of Structural Si-Based Ceramics in Fretting Tests at Room Temperature

2009

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The friction and wear behaviour of SiC, Si 3 N 4 and SiC/Si 3 N 4 composite ceramics were investigated with oscillating sliding (gross slip fretting) at room temperature. The influence of counter body material and the humidity of the surrounding air was studied with a ball-on-disc configuration with different ball materials (1000Cr6, Al 2 O 3 SiC and Si 3 N 4 ). The effect of RH on friction is marginal with exception of SiC (low friction) as counter body material. The wear behaviour, however, is strongly affected by humidity, showing inverse trends for different counter body materials. Consequently, the wear behaviour of a tribo couple can be improved by selecting an adequate mating material. The results reveal the necessity to control RH in tribological tests. For estimation of the performance of tribo couples under varying environmental conditions, a variation of RH is required. In tribo couples with single phase SiC, either as ball or disc, the tribological behaviour of the system is dominated by SiC. The friction behaviour of the composite material is in between the behaviour of the two single phase materials, Si 3 N 4 and SiC, whereas the wear behaviour is very similar to that of single phase Si 3 N 4 .

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On the repeatability of friction and wear results and on the influence of humidity in oscillating sliding tests of steel-steel pairings

Cited by 48 publications

References 4 publications

Vapors in the ambient—A complication in tribological studies or an engineering solution of tribological problems?

Vapors in the ambient—A complication in tribological studies or an engineering solution of tribological problems?

On the Repeatability of Friction and Wear Tests for Polyimides in a Hertzian Line Contact

Tribological Behaviour of Structural Si-Based Ceramics in Fretting Tests at Room Temperature

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