On the operation and maintenance practices of wind power asset

Abstract

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to review the operation and maintenance practices within wind power applications and to clarify practical needs as gaps between researchers and practitioners. Design/methodology/approach -The paper collects, categorizes, and analyzes the published literature of both researchers and practitioners systematically. Findings -The paper defines significant issues in operation and maintenance of wind energy related to: site and seasonal asset disturbances; stakeholders' requirements trade-off; dependability and asset deterioration challenges; diagnostic, prognostic and information and communication technologies (ICTs) applications; and maintenance optimization models. Within each category, the gaps and further research needs have been extracted with respect to both an academic and industrial perspective. Practical implications -The use of wind energy is growing rapidly and the associated practices related to maintenance and asset management are still lacking. Therefore, the literature review of operation and maintenance is a necessity to uncover the holistic issues and interrelationships of what has so far been published as detailed and fragmented topics to specific issues. Wind energy assets represent modern renewable energy assets which are affected by environmental disturbances, rapid technological development, rapid scaling-up processes, the stochastic and dynamic nature of operations and degradation, the integrity and interoperability of system-to-support. Originality/value -The paper provides a comprehensive review of research contributions and industrial development efforts. That will be useful to the life cycle stakeholders in both academia and industry in understanding the maintenance problem and solution space within the wind energy context.

Comprehensive Performance Assessment on Various Battery Energy Storage Systems

“…The values of the consistency indicator determined by the values of a BW are listed in Table 1. The consistency ratio can be calculated using Equation (7).…”

“…In accordance with the comprehensive evaluation results, the Li-ion battery is the optimal battery ESS to apply to wind-photovoltaic-energy storage combination exemplary projects. Based on the discussion on the comprehensive evaluation results, policy implications are suggested to improve the applicability of battery ESSs and provide some references for decision makers in related fields.Energies 2018, 11, 2841 2 of 26 technically mature electricity generation patterns [6][7][8], it can be impacted by lots of uncontrollable factors, including humidity, temperature, and wind speed. Therefore, wind power generation can be intermittent and fluctuating.…”

“…Energies 2018, 11, 2841 2 of 26 technically mature electricity generation patterns [6][7][8], it can be impacted by lots of uncontrollable factors, including humidity, temperature, and wind speed. Therefore, wind power generation can be intermittent and fluctuating.…”

A Simple Condition Monitoring Method for Gearboxes Operating in Impulsive Environments

“…Gearboxes are critical components in many industries and are subjected to harsh operating conditions which make them susceptible to damage and failure, with long downtimes associated with each replacement [5,6]. Localised gear damage and distributed gear damage modes are frequently encountered in gearboxes and therefore need to be detected and characterised early to ensure that the appropriate maintenance decisions can be made [7].…”

Strategic Maintenance Scheduling of an Offshore Wind Farm in a Deregulated Power System

“…Moreover, if the farm is located at remote offshore areas, its availability can reduce down to 70%, as the vessel accessibility decreases [5]. In addition, as future OWFs will be further away from the coast (e.g., 200 km), arranging the transportation vessel to the farm becomes very important, as it could take more than 10 h to reach a site [6][7][8].…”