On the Observation of Growth Spirals with very Low Step Heights on Potash Alum Single Crystals

Enckevort, W.J.P. van; Bennema, P.; Linden, W. H. van der

doi:10.1524/zpch.1981.124.2.171

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On the (Ϫ101) face, step heights are only 6.0 Å. However, a screw-axis symmetry element of COM perpendicular to (010) creates an AABBAA stacking sequence that leads to periodic bunching of steps through a phenomenon known as step interlacing (24,25). This results in growth on quadruple steps with heights of 16 Å (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular modulation of calcium oxalate crystallization by osteopontin and citrate

Qiu

Wierzbicki

Orme

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

274

391

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), which plays a functional role in plant physiology, is a source of chronic human disease, forming the major inorganic component of kidney stones. Understanding molecular mechanisms of biological control over COM crystallization is central to development of effective stone disease therapies and can help define general strategies for synthesizing biologically inspired materials. To date, research on COM modification by proteins and small molecules has not resolved the molecular-scale control mechanisms. Moreover, because proteins directing COM inhibition have been identified and sequenced, they provide a basis for general physiochemical investigations of biomineralization. Here, we report molecular-scale views of COM modulation by two urinary constituents, the protein osteopontin and citrate, a common therapeutic agent. Combining force microscopy with molecular modeling, we show that each controls growth habit and kinetics by pinning step motion on different faces through specific interactions in which both size and structure determine the effectiveness. Moreover, the results suggest potential for additive effects of simultaneous action by both modifiers to inhibit the overall growth of the crystal and demonstrate the utility of combining molecular imaging and modeling tools for understanding events underlying aberrant crystallization in disease. Kidney stone disease is a common chronic disorder in humans with the majority of stones being primarily composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals. COM is the most thermodynamically stable form of calcium oxalate and is the predominant calcium crystallite in many plants (1). Because normal urine is frequently supersaturated with respect to calcium oxalate, urinary crystals are often formed. In most humans, progression from crystalluria to stone disease is prevented by biologic control mechanisms. Normal urine contains inhibitors that decrease the formation, growth, and aggregation of COM crystals (2-4). However, the ways that these normal urinary proteins and small molecules modify COM have not been previously defined at a molecular level. In this article, our investigations using in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and molecular modeling provide molecular-scale views of COM modulation by two urinary constituents, a small organic anion, citrate, and a protein, osteopontin (OPN).Citrate and OPN were chosen for study because urinary levels of both citrate and OPN have been shown to inhibit the growth and change the gross morphology of calcium oxalate crystals (5-7). Citrate is a short-chain nonplanar molecule with three carboxylic acid groups. It is normally secreted into urine and is also widely used in the therapy of renal stone disease (8). OPN is a single-chain protein with a peptide molecular mass of Ϸ33 kDa. Normal human urine contains levels of OPN (Ͼ100 nM) that markedly inhibit several aspects of COM crystallization (9). OPN has an abundance of sequence domains rich in dicarboxylic acids. Because the acidic residues o...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular modulation of calcium oxalate crystallization by osteopontin and citrate

Qiu

Wierzbicki

Orme

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

274

391

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At low supersaturation, surface reactions proceed at defect sites including step edges, kink, ledge, and hillock/adatom, where the adsorbed ions are preferentially integrated into crystal lattice (e.g., Burton et al 1951;Lasaga 1998;Nielsen 1984;van Cappellen 1991;Watkins et al 2017). Because step and kink sites are the most abundant defect sites on crystal surface (Burton et al 1951;Zhang andNancollas 1990, 1998), growth at defects is commonly observed to be dominated by a spiral growth spiral mechanism (n 2) (Nancollas 1979;Nielsen 1981;Saldi et al 2009;Shiraki and Brantley 1995;Teng et al 2000;van Enckevort et al 1981). In the absence of favourable surface structure, or if the energetics of the system do not favour growth at defects, growth by adsorption (n = 1) may become the dominant mechanism (Nielsen 1983(Nielsen , 1984.…”

Section: Chemical Affinity-based Rate Lawsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth kinetics of siderite at 298.15 K and 1 bar

Jiang

Tosca

2020

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The widespread occurrence of siderite at the Earth's surface has motivated investigations into the thermodynamic factors controlling its stability for most of the last century. However, despite a new appreciation for multiple Fe(II)-carbonate mineralisation pathways, the rates of siderite growth have not been accurately predicted as a function of solution chemistry. This has impeded a quantitative understanding of myriad geochemical systems, both modern and ancient. To address this issue, we investigated the growth kinetics of synthetic siderite seeds in anoxic closed-system conditions at 298.15 K and 1 bar. On the basis of monitoring the chemical evolution of the bulk solutions over the course of 46 days, our results demonstrate two distinct relationships between kinetic behaviour and solution saturation (Ω) with respect to siderite. These relationships are best explained by chemical affinity-based rate laws that have been extensively applied to the growth kinetics of calcite (a mineral isostructural with siderite). More specifically, the surface area-normalised siderite growth rates display a linear correlation with supersaturation (Ω − 1) when Ω 5, suggesting a growth rate controlled by the transport of ions to the mineral surface

show abstract

“…Brought to you by | California Institute of Technology Authenticated Download Date | 7/1/15 10:54 AM Theory of electrolyte crystal growth 2027 As the kinetic factor is proportional to S -1, we shall try to develop a theory for the rate j of integration of growth units into the kinks with a rate proportional to S -1, or for an AB-electrolyte: JcAcB -K5 (5) We shall first see how close we can get without paying attention to the electric charges. This may be considered as the theory for growth of a binary non-electrolyte AB which in solution is dissociated into the molecules A and B.…”

Section: Theory Of Growth Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of electrolyte crystal growth. The parabolic rate law

Nielsen¹

1981

Pure and Applied Chemistry

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Normally the growth of sparingly soluble electrolyte crystals in aqueous solution follows a parabolic rate law, rate (c -c)2. At nonequivalent concentrations, and in general, rate (fl1' -K1)2 where 11 = ionic product, K5 = solubility product, and V = ci. + for the electrolyte It is shown how this can be explained by the Burton-Cabrera-Frank theory adapted for electrolytes, assuming that the ions are adsorbed in electroneutral (equivalent) amounts on the crystal surface. The absolute rate is controlled by the integrating process and the activation energy corresponds to the removal of one water molecule from the hydration shell of the cation in the case of 1,1 and 1,2 electrolytes. For 2,1 and 2,2 electrolytes the ratio between the activation energy and the energy of removal of a water molecule from the inner hydration shell is between 1.4 and 1.7.

show abstract

On the Observation of Growth Spirals with very Low Step Heights on Potash Alum Single Crystals

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

Molecular modulation of calcium oxalate crystallization by osteopontin and citrate

Molecular modulation of calcium oxalate crystallization by osteopontin and citrate

Growth kinetics of siderite at 298.15 K and 1 bar

Theory of electrolyte crystal growth. The parabolic rate law

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

On the Observation of Growth Spirals with very Low Step Heights on Potash Alum Single Crystals

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

Molecular modulation of calcium oxalate crystallization by osteopontin and citrate

Molecular modulation of calcium oxalate crystallization by osteopontin and citrate

Growth kinetics of siderite at 298.15 K and 1 bar

Theory of electrolyte crystal growth. The parabolic rate law

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Growth kinetics of siderite at 298.15 K and 1 bar