On the microstructural-textural characterization and deformation analysis of a nano/ultrafine grained Fe-20Cr-8Mn-0.3N duplex alloy with superior mechanical properties

Moallemi, Mohammad; Zarei-Hanzaki, A.; Kim, Sung Joon; Alimadadi, Hossein

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2019.109878

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(131 reference statements)

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“…In this regard, the reported results of micromechanical properties of constitutive phases (γ or α) are diverse. Austenitic phase could have higher, lower or equal hardness/elastic modulus compared with ferritic phase, depending on different variables such as specific processing route under consideration [20,21], chemical compositions (N content) [22][23][24][25][26], and microstructural/crystallographic texture of the individual phases [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, austenite or ferrite could not be defined by massive indentation technique, unless those phases were already determined by microstructural characterization techniques. On the other hand, in some cases, depending on alloying elements and processing conditions, austenite and ferrite show relatively similar mechanical properties (H and E) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]; thus, assigning/correlating the obtained H or E to/with an austenite or ferrite phase would be complicated. Attempting to address satisfactorily this challenge for DSSs, a novel high-speed nanoindentation mapping technique in conjunction with microstructural characterization techniques were here employed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Mechanical Characterization of Austenite and Ferrite Phases within Duplex Stainless Steel

Besharatloo

Carpio

Cabrera

et al. 2020

Metals

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The microstructure and micromechanical properties of the constitutive phases of a particular duplex stainless steel in various processing conditions have been characterized. Hardness (H), elastic modulus (E) and H/E cartography maps were obtained by using a high-speed nanoindentation mapping technique. Small-scale H and E evolution at different processing conditions has been investigated by statistical analysis of a large number of nanoindentations (10,000 imprints per sample). Two mechanically distinct phases, ferrite (α) and austenite (γ), were deconvoluted from this dataset using Ulm and Constantinides’ method, with the remaining values assigned to a third mechanical phase linked to composite-like (containing α/γ interphase boundaries) regions. These mechanical property phase assessments were supplemented by overlaying crystallographic phase maps obtained by electron backscattered diffraction. An excellent correlation between microstructure and small-scale mechanical properties was achieved, especially when considering the ratio H/E.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Mechanical Characterization of Austenite and Ferrite Phases within Duplex Stainless Steel

Besharatloo

Carpio

Cabrera

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…After annealing and subsequent quenching, the ductility is restored with the formation of austenite and microstructure reallocation, while hardness, yield, and tensile strength are reduced [15,33,34]. More specifically, the reported findings concerning the mechanical properties of the constituent phases (ferrite and austenite) of conventionally manufactured DSS/SDSS at the nanoscale display considerable variation [40][41][42]. The hardness and elastic modulus of the austenitic phase can differ-being higher, lower, or on par with those of the ferritic phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Investigation of Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steels Processed through Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Gargalis,

Karavias,

Graff

et al. 2023

Metals

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The aim of this paper was to compare duplex (DSS) and super duplex stainless steel processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) based on the process parameters and microstructure–nanomechanical property relationships. Each alloy was investigated with respect to its feedstock powder characteristics. Optimum process parameters including scanning speed, laser power, beam diameter, laser energy density, and layer thickness were defined for each alloy, and near-fully dense parts (>99.9%) were produced. Microstructural analysis was performed via optical (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The samples were subjected to stress relief and high-temperature annealing. EBSD revealed the crystallographic orientation and quantified the phases in the as-built and annealed sample conditions. The as-built samples revealed a fully ferritic microstructure with a small amount of grain boundary austenite in the SDSS microstructure. High-temperature solution annealing resulted in the desired duplex microstructure for both alloys. There were no secondary phases present in the microstructure after both heat treatments. Nanoindentation generated nanomechanical (modulus) mapping grids and quantified the nanomechanical (both hardness and modulus) response; plasticity and stress relief were also assessed in all three conditions (as-built, stress-relieved, and annealed) in both DSS and SDSS. Austenite formation in the annealed condition contributed to lower hardness levels (~4.3–4.8 Gpa) and higher plastic deformation compared to the as-built (~5.7–6.3 Gpa) and stress-relieved conditions (~4.8–5.8 Gpa) for both alloys. SDSS featured a ~60% austenite volume fraction in its annealed and quenched microstructure, attributed to its higher nickel and nitrogen contents compared to DSS, which exhibited a ~30% austenite volume fraction.

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“…In recent years, It has been found that the hardness of two phases of LDSS exhibits a large difference under high-temperature conditions, which is the reason why the alloys instabilize and crack during hot deformation [7,8]. As a result of lower alloying element content in LDSS, the stability of the austenitic phase is reduced, and strain-induced martensite transformation (SIMT) occurs when the material is deformed [9,10]. There are two types of martensite named quenched martensite and strain-induced martensite formed from the metastable austenite phase [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Mn content on rolling performance of lean duplex stainless steel

Chen

Gao

2022

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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Cold rolling test as well as room temperature compression was carried out to investigated the influence of Mn content on the cold deformation properties of lean duplex stainless steel. The cold deformation mechanism was also discussed by observation of cold-rolled samples with cracks and analysis of the work hardening curve. The results demonstrated that the morphology and size of grains were both influenced by the Mn content. The quenched martensite content varied with Mn content, indicating that Mn plays critical role in both the difficulty of stress-induced martensite transformation of austenite grains in LDSS and the transformation process from austenite to martensite during solution treatment. LDSS with a lower Mn content exhibits lower austenite stability. After quenching, plenty of the austenite was transformed into martensite which performs much higher hardness than ferrite. With the increase in hardness difference between phases, the plasticity of the alloys decreased caused by each phase bore more uneven deformation.

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On the microstructural-textural characterization and deformation analysis of a nano/ultrafine grained Fe-20Cr-8Mn-0.3N duplex alloy with superior mechanical properties

Cited by 14 publications

References 76 publications

Novel Mechanical Characterization of Austenite and Ferrite Phases within Duplex Stainless Steel

Novel Mechanical Characterization of Austenite and Ferrite Phases within Duplex Stainless Steel

A Comparative Investigation of Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steels Processed through Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Influence of Mn content on rolling performance of lean duplex stainless steel

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