On the mechanism of operation of a cathode spot cell in a vacuum arc

Mesyats, G.; Bochkarev, M. B.; Petrov, A. A.; Barengolts, S. A.

doi:10.1063/1.4874628

Cited by 32 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…An arc current of 70 A through that area gives an electrical current density of ~ 9x10 12 A/m 2 , which is comparable to values previously reported where theory of wire explosions has been used to explain the nature of the arc spot. 15,16,17,18 Furthermore, the calculated diameter of the exploding contact area is comparable with the typical size of the holes observed at the droplet surfaces, see Fig. 3 (c).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Macroparticle generation in DC arc discharge from a WC cathode

Zhirkov

Polcik

Kolozsvári

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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We have studied macroparticle generation from a tungsten carbide (WC) cathode used in a dc vacuum arc discharge. Despite a relatively high decomposition/melting point (~ 3100 K), there is an intensive generation of visible particles with sizes in the range 20-35 µm. Visual observations during the discharge and scanning electron microscopy of the cathode surface as well as of collected macroparticles indicate a new mechanism for particle formation and acceleration. Based on the W-C phase diagram there is an intensive sublimation of carbon from the melt resulting from the cathode spot. The sublimation supports the formation of a sphere, which is accelerated upon an explosion initiated by Joule heating at the critical contact area between the sphere and the cathode body. The explosive nature of the particle acceleration is confirmed by surface features resembling the remains of a splash on the droplet surface.a Corresponding author: igozh@ifm.liu.se, phone +46 730 52 10 12, fax +46 13 137568 2

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Macroparticle generation in DC arc discharge from a WC cathode

Zhirkov

Polcik

Kolozsvári

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…This led to intense surface heating of the bulk cathode and formation of a molten-metal pool, promoting for re-ignition of the spot cells. 33,34 In Fig. 4, we can see overlapping of spot trails, which is characteristic of second-type spots operating on clean metal surfaces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…4, we can see overlapping of spot trails, which is characteristic of second-type spots operating on clean metal surfaces. 7,34 When an arc operates on a nanostructured surface, the probability of initiation of new cathode spots depends not only on the cathode plasma density but also on the geometry of individual nanofibers. In this case, the operation of the arc is similar in many respects to that of an arc with first-type cathode spots spaced some distance from each other, moving, however, randomly and directionally (in the tangential magnetic field), with substantially higher velocities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arc spot grouping: An entanglement of arc spot cells

Kajita

Hwangbo

Ohno

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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Articles you may be interested inA model of reaction field in gas-injected arc-in-water method to synthesize single-walled carbon nanohorns: Influence of water temperatureIn recent experiments, clear transitions in velocity and trail width of an arc spot initiated on nanostructured tungsten were observed on the boundary of the thick and thin nanostructured layer regions. The velocity of arc spot was significantly decreased on the thick nanostructured region. It was suggested that the grouping decreased the velocity of arc spot. In this study, we try to explain the phenomena using a simple random walk model that has properties of directionality and selfavoidance. And grouping feature was added by installing an attractive force between spot cells with dealing with multi-spots. It was revealed that an entanglement of arc spot cells decreased the spot velocity, and spot cells tend to stamp at the same location many times. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

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“…Today there is consensus that the current density is a fluctuating (fractal, see below) quantity that can be as high as 10 12 A/m 2. [89,104]. The associated power density can be obtained by considering the voltage drop in this region, which is of order 10 V [105,106], hence the power density is also variable up to 10 13 W/m 2 .…”

Section: Cathodic Arc Plasma Production With Emphasis On Pulsed Arcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review comparing cathodic arcs and high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS)

Anders

2014

Surface and Coatings Technology

222

109

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High power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) has been in the center of attention over the last years as it is an emerging physical vapor deposition (PVD) technology that combines advantages of magnetron sputtering with various forms of energetic deposition of films such as ion plating and cathodic arc plasma deposition. It should not come at a surprise that many extension and variations of HiPIMS make use, intentionally or unintentionally, of previously discovered approaches to film processing such as substrate surface preparation by metal ion sputtering and phased biasing for film texture and stress control. Therefore, in this review, an overview is given on some historical developments and features of cathodic arc and HiPIMS plasmas, showing commonalities and differences. To limit the scope, emphasis is put on plasma properties, as opposed to surveying the vast literature on specific film materials and their properties.

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On the mechanism of operation of a cathode spot cell in a vacuum arc

Abstract: Articles you may be interested inHydrodynamics of the molten metal in a vacuum arc cathode spot at near-threshold currents

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Macroparticle generation in DC arc discharge from a WC cathode

Macroparticle generation in DC arc discharge from a WC cathode

Arc spot grouping: An entanglement of arc spot cells

A review comparing cathodic arcs and high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS)

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